为获得可用于氨基糖苷类抗生素多残留检测样品净化和富集过程中的固相萃取特异选择性填料,对以阿米卡星为模板,采用沉淀聚合方式制备分子印迹微球的方法进行了研究,并对合成的聚合物微球进行了性能表征.在反应温度为60℃,反应时间为24 h的条件下,优化的合成参数是:模板阿米卡星(AMK)、功能单体甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、交联剂二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EDGMA)的用量分别为0.05,0.2,1 mmol(物质的量比1∶4∶20),引发剂偶氮二异丁腈10 mg,溶剂为7 mL四氢呋喃和1 mL水.在该条件下,合成的阿米卡星印迹微球中存在不同性质的2类结合位点,高亲和性吸附位点平衡常数为1.244 mmol/L,其最大表观吸附量为85.99 μmol/g;低亲和性吸附位点平衡常数为15.385 mmol/L,其最大表观吸附量为596.48 μmol/g.印迹微球对同为氨基糖苷类抗生素的卡那霉素和奈替米星的吸附量达模板吸附量的78.2％和71.9％,重复使用次数不少于10次,具有直接用作固相萃取柱填料的潜力.
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