To analyze the differential settlement between new and existing load-bearing structures of cement concrete pavements in widened highways under traffic load, the pavement structure is modeled as a Winkler foundation beam. A continuous beam model accounting for the stiffness difference between the new and existing subgrades is established, and an elastic hinge is introduced to consider the discontinuity of the pavement structure. The analytical solution for the settlement of the Winkler foundation beam under traffic load is derived using the power series expansion method. The correctness of the proposed- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.001基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析张玲¹,彭芯钰¹,章瑞环¹,刘小平²(1.湖南大学 土木工程学院,湖南 长沙 410082;2.湖南省高速公路集团有限公司,湖南 长沙 410026)摘 要:为分析拼宽公路水泥混凝土路面新老承载结构在交通荷载作用下的差异性沉降特性,本文将路面结构视为Winkler地基梁,建立考虑新老路基刚度差异的连续梁计算模型,并通过引入弹性铰考虑路面结构的非连续性.采用幂级数法推导出新老路基路面在交通荷载作用下的沉降解析解,并与传统Winkler地基梁初参数法计算结果进行对比验证了其正确性.在此基础上,系统分析了新老路基填料压缩模量比、路基填高、结合部宽度及弹性铰抗剪刚度等各因素对路面沉降的影响规律.研究表明:当新老路基土体压缩模量比由0.4增加至1.0时,最大差异沉降约降低20%;路基填高由1 m增加至4 m时,最大沉降值由22.4 mm上升至78.0 mm;结合部宽度由3 m增加至6 m时,沉降峰值约减少15%.此外,弹性铰抗剪刚度显著影响路面结构拼接区域的局部变形行为,当其刚度低于1×10⁴ kN/m时,拼接区域局部变形急剧增大.本研究可为拼宽公路路面结构设计与差异沉降控制提供理论依据及参数优化指导.关键词:拼宽公路;新老路基;Winkler地基;非连续梁;差异沉降中图分类号:U416 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0001-12DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.001Differential settlement analysis of new and existing subgrades in widened highways based on Winkler foundation beam theoryZHANG Ling¹,PENG Xinyu¹,ZHANG Ruihuan¹,LIU Xiaoping²(1. College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China; 2. Hunan Provincial Expressway Group Co., Ltd.,Changsha 410026,China)Abstract: To analyze the differential settlement between new and existing load-bearing structures of cement concrete pavements in widened highways under traffic load, the pavement structure is modeled as a Winkler foundation beam. A continuous beam model accounting for the stiffness difference between the new and existing subgrades is established, and an elastic hinge is introduced to consider the discontinuity of the pavement structure. The analytical solution for the settlement of the Winkler foundation beam under traffic load is derived using the power series expansion method. The correctness of the proposed- 收稿日期:2025-10-09;修回日期:2025-11-13 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52378340);湖南省高速集团科技进步与创新项目(2024—2025) 第一作者:张玲(1982—),女,湖南大学教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事交通岩土方向研究.E-mail:zhanglhd@163.com 通信作者:章瑞环(1995—),男,湖南大学在读博士研究生,主要从事交通岩土方向研究.E-mail:zhangrh1995@163.com 第1期张玲等:基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷solution is verified by comparing it with the traditional Winkler foundation beam theoretical solution. The influence of factors such as soil compression modulus, subgrade fill height, subgrade splicing width, and shear stiffness of the elastic hinge on pavement settlement are analyzed. The results indicate that when the compression modulus ratio of the new to existing subgrade soil increases from 0.4 to 1.0, the maximum differential settlement decreases by approximately 20%. When the subgrade fill height increases from 1 m to 4 m, the maximum settlement increases from 22.4 mm to 78.0 mm. When the subgrade splicing width increases from 3 m to 6 m, the peak settlement decreases by about 15%. Additionally, the shear stiffness of the elastic hinge significantly affects the local deformation behavior within the pavement structure splicing zone. When the stiffness is below 1×10⁴ kN/m, the rotational deformation at the joint increases sharply. This study can provide a theoretical basis and parameter optimization guidance for the structure design and differential settlement control of pavement structures in widened highways.

To investigate the effects of high-temperature cycles on the internal structure of rock, this study conducted permeability tests on granite under different temperature cycling conditions. The variations in porosity and permeability of rock samples after different thermal cycling treatments were analyzed, and the correlations between P-wave velocity and porosity as well as permeability were established through regression analysis. The results show that: 1)During 1-3 thermal cycles, both the porosity and permeability of granite decrease, following a logarithmic relationship. As the number of cycles increases to 5-10, the rate of reduction gradually slows down. This characteristic provides favorable conditions for the long-term development of deep geothermal resources. 2)Under different temperature cycling conditions, the P-wave velocity of granite exhibits a logarithmic correlation with both permeability- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:余莉,赵琨,周杰,等.不同温度循环作用下花岗岩的渗透性［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):13-21.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.002不同温度循环作用下花岗岩的渗透性余莉¹,赵琨¹,周杰¹,李沐宸¹,李皓楠²(1.河北大学 建筑工程学院,河北 保定 071002;2.中国矿业大学 力学与土木工程学院,北京 100083)摘 要:为探究高温循环对岩石内部结构的影响,本文开展了不同温度循环作用下花岗岩的渗透性实验,分析了经历不同温度循环处理后岩样孔隙率与渗透率的变化规律,并通过回归分析建立了纵波波速与孔隙率、渗透率之间的关系.结果表明:1)在1~3 次热循环中,花岗岩孔隙率与渗透率均有所降低,且变化服从对数关系;随着循环增加至5~10 次,二者下降速率逐渐减缓,该特征为深部地热资源的长期开发提供了有利条件.2)不同温度循环下,花岗岩纵波波速与渗透率、孔隙率均呈现对数关系.随循环次数增加,三者关系由 1~3 次循环时的对数关系逐渐转变为 5~10 次循环时的线性关系.因此,可通过测量纵波波速来无损估算花岗岩的孔隙率与渗透率.3)对 400 ℃ 热循环10次后的花岗岩进行 CT 扫描与 SEM 电镜观测发现,孔隙结构中出现碎屑颗粒,表明温度循环作用导致岩石内部结构损伤.该现象揭示了深部地热能开采过程中岩石物理性质劣化的机制,为深部地热资源开发提供了理论依据.关键词:花岗岩;高温循环;物理性质;渗透率;微观结构中图分类号:TU43 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0013-09DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.002Permeability of granite under different temperature cyclesYU Li¹,ZHAO Kun¹,ZHOU Jie¹,LI Muchen¹,LI Haonan²(1.College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;2.School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China)Abstract: To investigate the effects of high-temperature cycles on the internal structure of rock, this study conducted permeability tests on granite under different temperature cycling conditions. The variations in porosity and permeability of rock samples after different thermal cycling treatments were analyzed, and the correlations between P-wave velocity and porosity as well as permeability were established through regression analysis. The results show that: 1)During 1-3 thermal cycles, both the porosity and permeability of granite decrease, following a logarithmic relationship. As the number of cycles increases to 5-10, the rate of reduction gradually slows down. This characteristic provides favorable conditions for the long-term development of deep geothermal resources. 2)Under different temperature cycling conditions, the P-wave velocity of granite exhibits a logarithmic correlation with both permeability- 收稿日期:2025-04-28;修回日期:2025-11-06 基金项目:河北省科技厅面上项目(E2023201024) 第一作者:余莉(1985—),女,河北大学副教授,博士,主要从事岩土体渗流与地灾监测方向研究.E-mail:964630415@qq.com 通信作者:赵琨(2001—),男,河北大学硕士研究生,主要从事岩石渗流方向研究.E-mail:2798833802@qq.com 第1期余莉等:不同温度循环作用下花岗岩的渗透性河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷and porosity. With increasing cycle numbers, the relationship among the three shifts from logarithmic during 1-3 cycles to linear during 5-10 cycles. Therefore, the porosity and permeability of granite can be estimated non-destructively by measuring the P-wave velocity. 3)CT scanning and SEM observations of granite subjected to 10 thermal cycles at 400 ℃ reveal the presence of debris particles within the pore structure, indicating that temperature cycling causes damage to the internal structure of the rock. This phenomenon elucidates the mechanism behind the deterioration of rock physical properties during deep geothermal energy extraction and provides a theoretical basis for the development of deep geothermal resources.

Accurately assessing the cutter load during the process of shield tunneling cutter cutting reinforced concrete is crucial for controlling structural deformation, adjusting excavation parameters, and optimizing cutter design. Currently, there is no systematic theoretical model to guide the cutting of reinforced concrete by disc cutters, and the actual construction performance is mainly evaluated through indirect feedback of construction parameters. To address this, this study establishes a dynamic load model for disc cutters cutting reinforced concrete by integrating rock-breaking load theory and the failure characteristics of projectile erosion into reinforced concrete materials. A calculation method for the cutter load under dynamic cutting conditions is proposed, and its feasibility is discussed based on previous experimental- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:彭凯西,王占生,程诚,等.盾构滚刀切削钢筋混凝土刀具荷载理论模型［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):22-33.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.003盾构滚刀切削钢筋混凝土刀具荷载理论模型彭凯西¹,王占生²,程诚¹,史培新¹(1.苏州大学 轨道交通学院,江苏 苏州 215137;2.苏州轨道交通建设有限公司,江苏 苏州 215005)摘 要:在盾构滚刀切削钢筋混凝土的过程中,准确评估刀具荷载对于控制结构变形、优化掘进参数以及改进刀具结构具有重要意义.目前,针对滚刀切削钢筋混凝土的研究尚未形成系统性的理论指导模型,实际施工效果主要依赖施工参数的间接反馈进行评估.本文结合滚刀破岩荷载理论和弹体侵蚀钢筋混凝土材料的破坏特性,建立滚刀切削钢筋混凝土的动态荷载模型,并提出了动态切削作用下的滚刀刀具荷载计算方法.同时,结合前期实验结果探讨了计算方法的可行性.研究结果表明:在一个完整的切削周期内,滚刀的垂直力先增大至峰值,然后逐渐降低;当切削较小直径钢筋时,滚刀切削过程更稳定,且垂直力峰值更小;此外,靠近中心的滚刀荷载比边缘滚刀更稳定.本文所建立的滚刀切削钢筋混凝土动态荷载理论模型得到的计算结果与实验结果吻合较好,垂直力峰值误差约为10%,验证了该模型的准确性.关键词:隧道工程;盾构切墙;理论模型;空腔膨胀理论;滚刀荷载中图分类号:U455 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0022-12DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.003Theoretical model of load on cutter blade of shield tunneling cutter cutting reinforced concretePENG Kaixi¹, WANG Zhansheng², CHENG Cheng¹, SHI Peixin¹(1.School of Rail Transit, Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, China; 2. Suzhou Rail Transit Construction Co., Ltd.,Suzhou 215005, China)Abstract: Accurately assessing the cutter load during the process of shield tunneling cutter cutting reinforced concrete is crucial for controlling structural deformation, adjusting excavation parameters, and optimizing cutter design. Currently, there is no systematic theoretical model to guide the cutting of reinforced concrete by disc cutters, and the actual construction performance is mainly evaluated through indirect feedback of construction parameters. To address this, this study establishes a dynamic load model for disc cutters cutting reinforced concrete by integrating rock-breaking load theory and the failure characteristics of projectile erosion into reinforced concrete materials. A calculation method for the cutter load under dynamic cutting conditions is proposed, and its feasibility is discussed based on previous experimental- 收稿日期:2024-12-09;修回日期:2025-11-13 基金项目:江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金项目(BK20230500) 第一作者:彭凯西(1999—),男,苏州大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事道路与铁道工程方向研究.E-mail:1819105424@qq.com 通信作者:程诚(1992—),男,苏州大学副研究员,博士,主要从事隧道工程和岩土工程方向研究. E-mail:chengcheng018@suda.edu.cn 第1期彭凯西等:盾构滚刀切削钢筋混凝土刀具荷载理论模型河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷results. The findings show that the vertical force of the disc cutter first increases to a peak and then gradually decreases within a complete cutting cycle. When cutting smaller-diameter steel bars, the disc cutter operates more stably, and the peak vertical force is smaller. Disc cutters closer to the center experience more stable loads compared to those at the edge. The calculated results obtained from the proposed theoretical model are consistent with experimental values, with a peak vertical force error of around 10%, validating the accuracy of the model.

To investigate the influence of concentration and temperature on the speed of sound in electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions, an experimental study was conducted using the phase comparison method to measure the sound velocity in NaCl(electrolyte)and sucrose(non-electrolyte)solutions with mass fractions ranging from 4.5% to 22.5% over a temperature range of 25 ℃ to 65 ℃. The findings reveal a strong linear relationship between sound velocity, temperature, and concentration.In comparison, the speed of sound in NaCl solution is more sensitive to changes in concentration and temperature.Fitting formulas v(ω,t)for sound velocity, temperature, and concentration were obtained for both solutions. The coupling effect between concentration and temperature can also cause changes in the sound propagation velocity in different solutions. These research outcomes offer experimental evidence for variations in sound velocity- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:刘洋, 马文萱, 刘月超.浓度温度耦合作用对不同电解性液体中声速的影响［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):34-41.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.004浓度温度耦合作用对不同电解性液体中声速的影响刘洋¹, 马文萱², 刘月超¹(1.华北电力大学 数理系, 河北 保定 071003;2. 华北电力大学 电力工程系, 河北 保定 071003)摘 要:为了研究电解质溶液和非电解质溶液中浓度与温度对声传播速度的影响,采用相位比较法对质量分数为4.5%~22.5%的NaCl(电解质)与蔗糖(非电解质)溶液,在温度为25~65 ℃对应的声速开展实验研究.结果表明:声速与温度、浓度均具有良好的线性关系.相比而言,NaCl溶液中的声速对浓度和温度的变化更为敏感.得到2种溶液声速与温度和浓度的拟合公式v(w,t),浓度与温度的耦合作用会造成不同溶液中声传播速度的变化.研究结果为不同溶液中的声速变化提供了实验依据,同时为采用声学手段进行溶液参数(浓度、温度)反演提供了参考公式,奠定了声学测量液体参数的理论依据.关键词:声速;溶液浓度;溶液温度;麦夸特法多参量拟合中图分类号:O424 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0034-08DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.004Effect of concentration-temperature coupling on soundvelocity in different electrolytic liquidsLIU Yang¹, MA Wenxuan², LIU Yuechao¹(1. Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003,China;2. Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China)Abstract: To investigate the influence of concentration and temperature on the speed of sound in electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions, an experimental study was conducted using the phase comparison method to measure the sound velocity in NaCl(electrolyte)and sucrose(non-electrolyte)solutions with mass fractions ranging from 4.5% to 22.5% over a temperature range of 25 ℃ to 65 ℃. The findings reveal a strong linear relationship between sound velocity, temperature, and concentration.In comparison, the speed of sound in NaCl solution is more sensitive to changes in concentration and temperature.Fitting formulas v(ω,t)for sound velocity, temperature, and concentration were obtained for both solutions. The coupling effect between concentration and temperature can also cause changes in the sound propagation velocity in different solutions. These research outcomes offer experimental evidence for variations in sound velocity- 收稿日期:2025-05-09;修回日期:2025-07-11 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(12274122);河北省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2023GJJG427); 河北省自然科学基金项目(A2025502025;A2021502001) 第一作者:刘洋(1988—),男,华北电力大学工程师,主要从事物理声学方向研究.E-mail:yangliu9111@126.com 通信作者:刘月超(1987—),男,华北电力大学讲师,博士,主要从事非线性声学及其应用方向研究.E-mail:liuyuechao@ncepu.edu.cn 第1期刘洋等:浓度温度耦合作用对不同电解性液体中声速的影响河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷across different solutions and provide reference formulas for the determination of solution parameters(concentration, temperature)using acoustic methods. This lays a theoretical foundation for acoustic measurements of liquid parameters.

This study investigates the evolution behavior of quantum wave packets in a one-dimensional nonlinear driven system, aiming to explore the impact of external driving on the evolution of quantum wave packets and seek methods to regulate the quantum tunneling effect of the system through external driving. The research numerically simulates the evolution of quantum wavepackets based on the split-operator method and analyzes the quantum tunneling characteristics. The results indicate that the driving frequency significantly influences the quantum tunneling effect, remarkably enhancing the transfer efficiency between potential wells. The maximum tunneling probability can reach 50 times that of the no-driving scenario. This phenomenon is closely related to the dynamic dispersion of wave packets in phase space caused by the modulation of driving frequency.

Yam polysaccharides(YPs)have important biological activities. The polysaccharides were extracted from Bang yam and Xiaobaizui yam by the ultrasound-assisted hot water extraction method. The proteins were removed from the crude yam polysaccharide by enzymatic hydrolysis. The structure of YPs was characterized by using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled online with multiangle light scattering detector and differential refractive index detector(AF4-MALS-dRI), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Congo red experiment. The effect of Berry and Debye models on the accuracy of the characterization results of YPs(i.e., molar mass and radius of gyration)was investigated. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of YPs was studied. The results suggested that the two YPs had a β-D-pyran ring structure. The Bang YP(BYP)had a relatively loose triple helix structure. At a concentration of 2 mg/mL,- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:张孜寒,刘晓莹,尹亭惠,等.基于非对称场流分离技术的山药多糖表征及其抗氧化活性研究［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):48-55.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.006基于非对称场流分离技术的山药多糖表征及其抗氧化活性研究张孜寒,刘晓莹,尹亭惠,郭子瑶,窦海洋(河北大学 基础医学院,河北省炎性自身免疫性疾病发病机制及防治重点实验室,河北 保定 071000)摘 要:山药多糖具有重要的生物活性,本文采用超声辅助热水提取法提取了棒山药和小白嘴山药多糖,通过酶解法去除蛋白质,采用非对称场流分离技术在线联用多角度光散射检测器和示差折光检测器(AF4-MALS-dRI)、傅里叶变换红外光谱和刚果红实验对山药多糖的结构进行了表征,对比了Berry和Debye 2种光散射函数数学模型对山药多糖摩尔质量和回转半径表征结果准确性的影响,研究了山药多糖的抗氧化活性.结果证明2种山药多糖均具有β-D-吡喃环结构,其中棒山药多糖具有相对松散的三螺旋结构.在2 mg/mL质量浓度下,棒山药多糖的OH和DPPH自由基清除率分别为(93.9±0.29)%和(88.2±0.58)%,高于小白嘴山药的抗氧化活性.结果表明相对松散的三螺旋结构有利于山药多糖的抗氧化活性.关键词:非对称场流分离;山药多糖;抗氧化活性中图分类号:O657 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0048-08DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.006Characterization of yam polysaccharide by asymmetrical flow field-flowfractionation and study on its antioxidant activityZHANG Zihan, LIU Xiaoying, YIN Tinghui, GUO Ziyao, DOU Haiyang(Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Disease ofHebei Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China)Abstract: Yam polysaccharides(YPs)have important biological activities. The polysaccharides were extracted from Bang yam and Xiaobaizui yam by the ultrasound-assisted hot water extraction method. The proteins were removed from the crude yam polysaccharide by enzymatic hydrolysis. The structure of YPs was characterized by using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled online with multiangle light scattering detector and differential refractive index detector(AF4-MALS-dRI), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Congo red experiment. The effect of Berry and Debye models on the accuracy of the characterization results of YPs(i.e., molar mass and radius of gyration)was investigated. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of YPs was studied. The results suggested that the two YPs had a β-D-pyran ring structure. The Bang YP(BYP)had a relatively loose triple helix structure. At a concentration of 2 mg/mL,- 收稿日期:2025-01-25;修回日期:2025-04-30 基金项目:河北省自然科学基金项目(H2024201027);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(DC2024288;DC2005546) 第一作者:张孜寒(2002—),女,河北大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事场流分离方向研究. E-mail: zhangzihan62024@163.com 通信作者:窦海洋(1983—),男,河北大学副教授,博士,主要从事场流分离方向研究.E-mail: douhaiyang-1984@163.com 第1期张孜寒等:基于非对称场流分离技术的山药多糖表征及其抗氧化活性研究河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷the scavenging rates of BYP for OH and DPPH free radicals were(93.9±0.29)% and(88.2±0.58)%, respectively, which were higher than those of Xiaobaizui YP(XYP). The results revealed that the relatively loose triple helix structure could be beneficial to the antioxidant activity of YP.

Transition metal sulfide, as an important semiconductor material, has attracted extensive attention in the field of visible light catalysis in recent years due to its excellent performance in light absorption range and charge separation efficiency.Especially in the field of energy conversion, the use of visible light to drive photocatalytic reactions to convert solar energy into chemical energy is considered to be an effective way to solve the energy crisis. In this paper, the research progress of metal sulfides in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is reviewed. Firstly, the strategies to improve the photocatalytic performance of metal sulfides are discussed,and then the application progress of metal sulfides in photocatalytic water decomposition to hydrogen production is reviewed. Finally, it summarizes the challenges faced by metal sulfide-based photocatalytic materials and provides an outlook on future research directions and areas.

Aramid nanofiber(ANF), as a class of high-performance aromatic polyamide materials, are rapidly becoming the core choice in the field of structural materials due to their unique molecular structure of alternating rigid benzene rings and amide bonds and excellent properties such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance and chemical stability. Yet, ANF still face two major bottlenecks in practical applications, the high brittleness of its macroscopic fiber morphology and the limitations of a single function, and at the same time, due to the materials own low fiber orientation and weak interfacial- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:韩羽,耿宏章,李旭峰.芳纶纳米纤维薄膜的制备及性能［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):68-80.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.008芳纶纳米纤维薄膜的制备及性能韩羽¹,耿宏章¹,李旭峰²(1.天津工业大学 材料科学与工程学院,天津 300387; 2.内蒙古航天红岗机械有限公司 树脂基研发部,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020)摘 要:芳纶纳米纤维(aramid nanofiber,ANF)作为一类高性能芳香族聚酰胺材料,因其独特的刚性苯环、酰胺键交替排列分子结构和高强度、高模量、耐高温及化学稳定性等优异的性能,迅速成为结构材料领域的核心选择.然而,ANF在实际应用中仍面临两大瓶颈,其宏观纤维形态存在脆性高和功能单一等局限,同时由于材料自身纤维取向度低、界面结合弱,也导致了早期的溶液浇铸和热压成型等工艺逐渐被淘汰.本文利用真空抽滤法制备ANF薄膜.通过探究ANF分散液质量分数、真空压力、热压温度与压力等参数对ANF薄膜力学性能、热稳定性以及电学性能的影响,确定ANF薄膜制备的最优工艺条件:ANF分散液质量分数为5%,真空压力为0.1 kPa,热压温度为200 ℃,热压压力为15 MPa,该条件下制备的ANF薄膜具有优异的力学性能(拉伸强度为316.61 MPa,断裂伸长率为1.73%,杨氏模量为23.81 GPa)、热稳定性(热分解温度为 560 ℃,残碳率为30.23%)以及电学性能(电导率为8.526×10^-8 S/cm,击穿场强为63 kV/mm,1 kHz下的介电常数为2.157).关键词:芳纶纳米纤维;真空抽滤;热稳定性;力学性能;电学性能中图分类号:TB324 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0068-13DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.008Preparation and properties of aramid nanofiber filmsHAN Yu¹, GENG Hongzhang¹, LI Xufeng²(1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; 2.Resin based R&D Department,Hohhot Aerospace Honggang Machinery Company,Hohhot 010020,China)Abstract: Aramid nanofiber(ANF), as a class of high-performance aromatic polyamide materials, are rapidly becoming the core choice in the field of structural materials due to their unique molecular structure of alternating rigid benzene rings and amide bonds and excellent properties such as high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance and chemical stability. Yet, ANF still face two major bottlenecks in practical applications, the high brittleness of its macroscopic fiber morphology and the limitations of a single function, and at the same time, due to the materials own low fiber orientation and weak interfacial- 收稿日期:2025-08-19;修回日期:2025-09-19 基金项目:天津市自然科学基金重点项目(15JCZDJC37900) 第一作者:韩羽(1998—),男,天津工业大学硕士研究生.E-mail:15848134259@163.com 通信作者:李旭峰(1993—),男,内蒙古航天红岗机械有限公司研究员,主要从事纤维材料方向研究.E-mail:522263282@qq.com 第1期韩羽等:芳纶纳米纤维薄膜的制备及性能河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷bonding, which has led to the gradual elimination of the early processes such as solution casting and hot compression molding. In this paper, ANF films were prepared by vacuum filtration. By exploring the effects of parameters such as dispersion concentration, vacuum pressure, hot pressing temperature and pressure on the mechanical, thermodynamic, and electrical properties of ANF films, the optimal process conditions for preparing ANF films were determined as follows: ANF dispersion concentration of 5%, vacuum pressure of 0.1 kPa, hot pressing temperature of 200 ℃, and hot pressing pressure of 15 MPa. The ANF films prepared exhibited excellent mechanical properties(tensile strength of 316.61 MPa, elongation at break of 1.73%, Young’s modulus of 23.81 GPa), thermal stability(thermal decomposition temperature of 560 ℃, residual carbon content of 30.23%)and electrical properties(electrical conductivity of 8.526×10^-8 S/cm, breakdown field strength of 63 kV/mm, dielectric constant of 2.157 at 1 kHz).

To optimize the extraction of flavonoids and triterpenoids from Hovenia dulcis,and to study the antibacterial activities of H. dulcis extract, the flavonoids and triterpenoids from H. dulcis were extracted by ultrasound with H. dulcis as raw material. Taking the comprehensive score as the evaluation- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:高敏,王子叶,庞崇政,等.枳椇子中黄酮和三萜提取工艺优化及其抑菌作用［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):81-92.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.009枳椇子中黄酮和三萜提取工艺优化及其抑菌作用高敏,王子叶,庞崇政,肖鹏飞,周程艳(河北大学 药学院,河北省药物质量分析控制重点实验室,河北 保定 071002)摘 要:本文优化了枳椇子(Hovenia dulcis)中黄酮和三萜的提取工艺,并对其提取液的体外抑菌作用进行了研究.以枳椇子作为原料,采用超声波法提取其中的黄酮和三萜,采用综合评分作为黄酮和三萜提取效果的评价指标,经单因素实验研究液料比、乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间4个因素对提取效果的影响;在单因素实验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken响应面分析法优化枳椇子中黄酮和三萜类物质提取工艺.以液料比、乙醇体积分数、提取时间为考察因素,以综合评分为响应值,进行响应面实验设计;应用抑菌圈法研究枳椇子提取液体外抑菌作用.结果显示:在超声功率120 W、提取温度50 ℃条件下,优化得到的最佳超声提取工艺为液料(mL/g)比14.08、乙醇体积分数86.72%、提取时间50.97 min,此时综合评分为0.986.在此最佳工艺下,黄酮和三萜的得率分别为0.845 4%和2.843 0%.枳椇子提取液在金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌中均有较小抑菌圈.在最佳提取条件下制得的枳椇子提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌质量浓度(MBC)分别为0.125 0、0.500 0 g/mL,对大肠杆菌的MIC和MBC分别为0.062 5、0.250 0 g/mL.优化得到的枳椇子中黄酮和三萜类化合物的超声提取工艺合理,可为后续应用研究提供参考,枳椇子提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均有一定抑菌作用.关键词:枳椇子;黄酮;三萜;响应面;超声提取工艺;抑菌作用中图分类号:O657.5 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0081-12DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.009Optimization of extraction technology of flavone and triterpenes from Hovenia dulcis and its antibacterial actionGAO Min, WANG Ziye, PANG Chongzheng, XIAO Pengfei, ZHOU Chengyan(Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province,College of Pharmacy Sciences,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China)Abstract: To optimize the extraction of flavonoids and triterpenoids from Hovenia dulcis,and to study the antibacterial activities of H. dulcis extract, the flavonoids and triterpenoids from H. dulcis were extracted by ultrasound with H. dulcis as raw material. Taking the comprehensive score as the evaluation- 收稿日期:2025-01-08;修回日期:2025-05-26 基金项目:河北省自然科学基金项目(H2020201291); 保定市科技计划项目(2472P013) 第一作者:高敏(2003—),女,河北大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事肝炎疾病菌群相关研究以及药物分析方向研究.E-mail:19591525254@163.com 通信作者:周程艳(1976—),女,河北大学副教授,主要从事代谢组学、菌群、脂质组学以及相关药理作用机制研究.E-mail:xuefanone@163.com 第1期高敏等:枳椇子中黄酮和三萜提取工艺优化及其抑菌作用河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷index of the extraction effect of flavonoids and triterpenes, the effects of four factors: ratio of liquid to raw material, ethanol volume fraction, extraction temperature, and extraction time on the extraction effect were studied by single-factor test. Based on the single-factor test, Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction process of flavonoids and triterpenoids from H. dulcis. The response surface experimental design was carried out by taking the ratio of liquid to raw material, ethanol volume fraction and extraction time as the investigation factors, and taking the comprehensive score as the response value. The inhibition zone method was used to study the antibacterial activities of H. dulcis extract. Under the condition of ultrasound power of 120 W and extraction temperature of 50 ℃, the optimal ultrasonic extraction process is ratio of liquid to raw material of 14.08 mL/g, ethanol volume fraction of 86.72% and extraction time of 50.97 minutes. The comprehensive score is 0.986. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the yields of flavonoids and triterpenoids are 0.845 4% and 2.843 0% respectively. H. dulcis extract had a small inhibition zone in both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The MIC and MBC of H. dulcis extract prepared under the optimal extraction conditions were respectively 0.125 0 g/mL and 0.500 0 g/mL for S. aureus, 0.062 5 g/mL and 0.250 0 g/mL for E. coli. The ultrasonic extraction process of flavonoids and triterpenoids from the optimized H. dulcis was reasonable, which could provide a reference for subsequent application research, and H. dulcis extract on S. aureus and E. coli have some bacteriostatic effects.

To improve the prediction accuracy of click-through rate models by leveraging the high-order interactions among features, we propose a click-through rate(CTR)prediction model based on graph neural networks(GNN)and attention, called VBGA(vector-wise and Bit-wise interaction model based on GNN and attention). This model utilizes GNNs and attention mechanisms to learn fine-grained weights for each feature individually. These fine-grained feature weights are then input into both vector-level interaction layers and element-level interaction layers to jointly predict CTR. The VBGA model mainly consists of a vector-level interaction layer and an element-level interaction layer. The vector-level interaction layer constructs vector-level feature interactions using a directed graph, achieving non-repetitive explicit feature interactions, which not only reduces computational complexity but also enables higher-order- 引用格式:张玲,彭芯钰,章瑞环,等.基于Winkler地基梁理论的拼宽公路新老路基差异沉降分析［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):1-12.引用格式:张峰,张涛,花强,等.基于图神经网络和注意力的点击率预测模型［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(1):93-103.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.010基于图神经网络和注意力的点击率预测模型张峰,张涛,花强,董春茹,朱杰(河北大学 数学与信息科学学院,河北 保定 071002)摘 要:为了充分利用特征间的高阶交互以提升点击率预测模型的预测精度,提出了一种基于图神经网络和注意力的点击率预测模型VBGA(vector-wise and bit-wise interaction model based on GNN and attention),该模型借助图神经网络和注意力机制,为每个特征分别学习一个细粒度的权重,并将这种细粒度的特征权重输入到向量级交互层和元素级交互层联合预测点击率.VBGA 模型主要由向量级交互层和元素级交互层构成,其中向量级交互层采用有向图来构建向量级的特征交互,实现无重复的显式特征交互,在减少计算量的同时,还可以实现更高阶的特征交叉,以获得更准确的预测精度.此外,本文还提出了一种交叉网络用于构建元素级特征交互.在Criteo和Avazu数据集上,与其他几种最先进的点击率预测模型进行了比较,实验结果表明,VBGA可以获得良好的预测结果.关键词:点击率预测;注意力机制;图神经网络;多阶特征交互中图分类号:TP391 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)01-0093-11DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.01.010A click-through rate prediction model based on graph neural networks and attention ZHANG Feng, ZHANG Tao, HUA Qiang, DONG Chunru, ZHU Jie (College of Mathematics and Information Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China)Abstract: To improve the prediction accuracy of click-through rate models by leveraging the high-order interactions among features, we propose a click-through rate(CTR)prediction model based on graph neural networks(GNN)and attention, called VBGA(vector-wise and Bit-wise interaction model based on GNN and attention). This model utilizes GNNs and attention mechanisms to learn fine-grained weights for each feature individually. These fine-grained feature weights are then input into both vector-level interaction layers and element-level interaction layers to jointly predict CTR. The VBGA model mainly consists of a vector-level interaction layer and an element-level interaction layer. The vector-level interaction layer constructs vector-level feature interactions using a directed graph, achieving non-repetitive explicit feature interactions, which not only reduces computational complexity but also enables higher-order- 收稿日期:2024-09-07;修回日期:2025-03-04 基金项目:科技部重点研发项目(2022YFE0196100);河北省自然科学基金项目(F2022511001);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZC2022070);河北大学高层次人才科研启动项目(521100223212) 第一作者:张峰(1976—),女,河北大学教授,博士,主要从事机器学习及应用方向研究.E-mail: fengzhang@hbu.edu.cn 通信作者:朱杰(1981—),男,河北大学副教授,博士,主要从事机器学习和计算机视觉方向研究. E-mail: zhujie@hbu.edu.cn 第1期张峰等:基于图神经网络和注意力的点击率预测模型河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷feature crosses for more accurate prediction precision. Additionally, we propose a cross-network to construct element-level feature interactions. We compared VBGA with several state-of-the-art CTR prediction models on the Criteo and Avazu datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our VBGA achieves good prediction results.

Traditional contrastive learning algorithms have relied on instance discrimination, which is easy to introduce false negative samples, resulting in algorithm converges to suboptimal solutions and degenerating the performance of downstream tasks. To address this issue, this paper proposes a multi-branch contrastive learning algorithm based on relationship consistency. This algorithm incorporates a nearest neighbor set into the branch network, providing positive samples with their semantic consistency and avoiding false negative samples. Combined with multi-branch training using data augmentation, it minimizes KL divergence to pull positive samples with semantic consistency together and push away negative samples, which enhances the representation ability of network. The temperature parameters in different branches control the smoothness of the sharpen distribution, ensuring the reliability of feature representations. Finally, the method is evaluated on five public datasets and compared with state-of-the-art contrastive learning methods, all achieving satisfactory results.