The unbalanced magnetic pull caused by the air gap eccentricity fault of doubly-fed induction generator will aggravate the vibration of stator and rotor. The end winding of the generator is less constrained and is more prone to vibration and wear. In order to further improve the winding deformation rule under doubly-fed induction generator fault, the electromagnetic force variation rule and mechanical response characteristics of stator windings under doubly-fed induction generator air gap eccentricity fault are studied in this paper. Firstly, the electromagnetic force under normal working conditions and eccentricity fault are theoretically derived, considering tooth effect, and then the mechanical response characteristics of end winding are analyzed. Then, by using the Maxwell and Workbench platform in Ansys software, electromagnetic-structural coupling simulation was conducted to study the mechanical characteristics of the winding under eccentricity fault conditions.The research results can provide reference- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.001双馈发电机气隙偏心故障下绕组力学响应特性 绳晓玲¹,苑素玲¹,韩旭超²,万书亭¹(1.华北电力大学 电力机械装备健康维护与失效预防河北省重点实验室,河北 保定 071003;2.鹤岗市市场监督管理局,黑龙江 鹤岗 154100)摘 要:双馈发电机气隙偏心故障产生的不平衡磁拉力会使定转子振动加剧,发电机端部绕组约束较少,更易产生振动及磨损.为了进一步完善双馈发电机故障下绕组形变规律,本文对双馈发电机气隙偏心故障下定子绕组力学响应特性进行了研究.首先推导考虑齿槽效应时双馈发电机正常工况和偏心故障下的电磁力,并在此基础上分析了端部绕组的力学响应特性;然后利用Ansys软件中的Maxwell和Workbench平台进行电磁-结构耦合仿真,研究偏心故障下的绕组力学响应特性.研究结果可为掌握双馈发电机气隙偏心故障下的电磁力特性、绕组力学响应特性以及绕组形变及磨损规律提供借鉴.关键词:双馈发电机;气隙偏心;绕组;力学响应中图分类号:TM315 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0561-09Winding mechanical response characteristics of doubly-fed induction generator under air gap eccentricity faultSHENG Xiaoling¹, YUAN Suling¹, HAN Xuchao², WAN Shuting¹(1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Electric Machinery Health Maintenance & Failure Prevention, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; 2. Hegang Market Supervision and Administration Bureau, Hegang 154100,China)Abstract: The unbalanced magnetic pull caused by the air gap eccentricity fault of doubly-fed induction generator will aggravate the vibration of stator and rotor. The end winding of the generator is less constrained and is more prone to vibration and wear. In order to further improve the winding deformation rule under doubly-fed induction generator fault, the electromagnetic force variation rule and mechanical response characteristics of stator windings under doubly-fed induction generator air gap eccentricity fault are studied in this paper. Firstly, the electromagnetic force under normal working conditions and eccentricity fault are theoretically derived, considering tooth effect, and then the mechanical response characteristics of end winding are analyzed. Then, by using the Maxwell and Workbench platform in Ansys software, electromagnetic-structural coupling simulation was conducted to study the mechanical characteristics of the winding under eccentricity fault conditions.The research results can provide reference- 收稿日期:2025-06-10;修回日期:2025-09-03 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52275109);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2022502007);河北省高等学校自然科学研究项目(ZC2024033) 第一作者:绳晓玲(1983—),女,华北电力大学副教授,主要从事风力发电机运行控制及故障诊断方向研究.E-mail:sssxlyc@163.com 通信作者:苑素玲(1971—),女,华北电力大学讲师,主要从事机械装备故障诊断与监测方向研究.E-mail:455603448@qq.com 第6期绳晓玲等:双馈发电机气隙偏心故障下绕组力学响应特性河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷for understanding the electromagnetic force characteristics, mechanical response characteristics of windings, as well as the deformation and wear laws of windings under the air gap eccentricity fault of doubly-fed induction generator.

The cogging torque can cause vibration and noise in the motor. Opening auxiliary slots in the stator teeth can effectively reduce the amplitude of cogging torque and suppress cogging torque pulsation. Different shapes and quantities of auxiliary slots have different effects on cogging torque, so it is necessary to design and optimize the stator auxiliary slot parameters reasonably. This article proposes a parameter optimization based design method for the role of stator auxiliary slots in cogging torque suppression.- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.002超高速永磁同步电机齿槽转矩与定子辅助槽参数优化设计张冬冬^1,2,董亲源¹,荣存浩¹,朱志豪¹,孙建华³,孙丽霞³,林晓刚⁴,褚帅君^2,5(1.广西大学 电气工程学院,广西 南宁 530004;2.内蒙古工业大学 新能源学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051;3.广西大学 化学化工学院,广西 南宁 530004;4.中国科学院福建物质结构研究所,福建 福州 350002;5.西安交通大学 电气工程学院,陕西 西安 710049)摘 要:齿槽转矩会使电机产生振动和噪声,在定子齿部开辅助槽能有效降低齿槽转矩幅值,抑制齿槽转矩脉动,不同形状和数量的辅助槽对齿槽转矩的影响有所不同,因此需要合理设计和优化定子辅助槽参数.针对定子辅助槽在齿槽转矩抑制中的作用,提出一种基于参数优化的设计方法.通过建立电机齿槽转矩解析数学模型与仿真模型,分析辅助槽形状和数量对齿槽转矩的影响规律,并基于响应面模型结合多目标优化的方法,确定了辅助槽大小和位置的最优参数组合.仿真与实验结果表明,优化后的辅助槽结构显著降低了齿槽转矩,同时对电机电磁性能影响较小.本研究为高速永磁电机齿槽转矩抑制问题提供了高效的参数优化设计思路.关键词:高速永磁同步电机;齿槽转矩;定子辅助槽;多目标优化;有限元分析中图分类号:TM351 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0570-12Optimal design of cogging torque and stator auxiliary slot parameters for ultra-high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motorsZHANG Dongdong^1,2, DONG Qinyuan¹, RONG Cunhao¹, ZHU Zhihao¹, SUN Jianhua³, SUN Lixia³, LIN Xiaogang⁴, CHU Shuaijun^2,5(1. School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;2. School of Renewable Energy, Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;4. Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002,China;5. School of Electrical Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University,Xian 710049,China)Abstract: The cogging torque can cause vibration and noise in the motor. Opening auxiliary slots in the stator teeth can effectively reduce the amplitude of cogging torque and suppress cogging torque pulsation. Different shapes and quantities of auxiliary slots have different effects on cogging torque, so it is necessary to design and optimize the stator auxiliary slot parameters reasonably. This article proposes a parameter optimization based design method for the role of stator auxiliary slots in cogging torque suppression.- 收稿日期:2024-12-02;修回日期:2025-05-08 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52567005;52107083) 第一作者:张冬冬(1990—),男,内蒙古工业大学教授,博士生导师,主要从事高性能电机与智能装备制造、智慧能源系统及其装备技术方向研究.E-mail:dongdongzhang@imut.edu.cn 通信作者:褚帅君(1988—),男,内蒙古工业大学讲师,博士,主要从事高温高速永磁电机的设计研究.E-mail:chushuijun@stu.xjtu.edu.cn 第6期张冬冬等:超高速永磁同步电机齿槽转矩与定子辅助槽参数优化设计河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷By establishing a mathematical model and simulation model for the analysis of motor cogging torque, the influence of auxiliary slot shape and quantity on cogging torque was analyzed. Based on the response surface model combined with multi-objective optimization method, the optimal parameter combination for the size and position of auxiliary slots was determined. Simulation and experimental results show that the optimized auxiliary slot structure significantly reduces cogging torque, while having a small impact on the electromagnetic performance of the motor. This study provides an efficient parameterized optimization design approach for suppressing cogging torque in high-speed permanent magnet motors.

Discrete event systems(DES)may lead to faults during operation,therefore, researching fault diagnosis is essential for systems stable operation. One of the research contents of DES fault diagnosis is verifying the diagnosability of systems, and its purpose is to determine whether faults can be detected within a finite observation sequence after their occurrence. Consequently, regarding this issue, we present a DES fault diagnosability verification approach based on a λ-free Petri net. Firstly, this paper makes a model of a λ-free Petri net, where the faults are represented as unobservable transitions. Next, we employ a particular net, called verifier net, which is built from the original Petri net and its fault-free subnet. Finally, we draw the reachability graph of the verifier net and propose a diagnosability verification method.- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.003一种基于λ-free Petri网的离散事件系统可诊断性验证方法满育冰¹,霍翊茗²,董亮³,冉宁¹(1.河北大学 电子信息工程学院,河北 保定 071002; 2.河北大学 国际学院,河北 保定 071002;3.辽宁华电铁岭发电有限公司,辽宁 铁岭 112000)摘 要:离散事件系统(discrete event systems,DES)在运行中易发生故障,因此研究故障诊断方法对于保障系统安全稳定运行至关重要.系统可诊断性验证是DES故障诊断的研究内容之一,其目的是判断故障发生后能否在有限长度的观测序列内被检测出来. 因此,针对该问题,提出一种基于λ-free Petri网的DES可诊断性验证方法. 首先构建了λ-free Petri网模型,将故障建模为不可观变迁;其次基于原始模型和其无故障子网构建一个验证网;最后绘制验证网的可达性图,提出可诊断性验证方法.实验结果表明,该方法显著提升了DES故障可诊断性的验证能力,有效增强了DES在实际应用中的可靠性.关键词:Petri网;离散事件系统;可诊断性中图分类号:TP11 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0582-08A verification method for the diagnosability of discrete event systems based on λ-free Petri netsMAN Yubing¹, HUO Yiming², DONG Liang³, RAN Ning¹(1. College of Electronic Informational Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;2.International College, Hebei University, Baoding 071002,China;3. Liaoning Huadian Tieling Power Generation Co., Ltd., Tieling 112000,China)Abstract: Discrete event systems(DES)may lead to faults during operation,therefore, researching fault diagnosis is essential for systems stable operation. One of the research contents of DES fault diagnosis is verifying the diagnosability of systems, and its purpose is to determine whether faults can be detected within a finite observation sequence after their occurrence. Consequently, regarding this issue, we present a DES fault diagnosability verification approach based on a λ-free Petri net. Firstly, this paper makes a model of a λ-free Petri net, where the faults are represented as unobservable transitions. Next, we employ a particular net, called verifier net, which is built from the original Petri net and its fault-free subnet. Finally, we draw the reachability graph of the verifier net and propose a diagnosability verification method.- 收稿日期:2025-06-23;修回日期:2025-09-20 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(62373132);河北省自然科学基金项目(F2025201023);石家庄市驻冀高校基础研究项目(241791367A);河北大学优秀青年科研创新团队建设项目(QNTD202411);河北大学多学科交叉研究计划项目(DXK202409) 第一作者:满育冰(1999—),女,河北大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事离散事件系统方向研究.E-mail:15851890890@163.com 通信作者:冉宁(1987—),男,河北大学副教授,主要从事离散事件系统、人工智能方向研究.E-mail:ranning87@hotmail.com 第6期满育冰等:一种基于λ-free Petri网的离散事件系统可诊断性验证方法河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷The results of experiments show that the proposed method significantly improves the verification capability of DES fault diagnosability and effectively enhanced the reliability of DES in practical applications.

In order to solve the problem that the traditional voiceprint diagnosis method is highly dependent on artificially constructed feature engineering,which limits the improvement of diagnostic accuracy,this study proposes a voiceprint diagnosis method with multimodal residual connection.Firstly,a two-modal feature extraction architecture is constructed,and a two-dimensional convolutional neural network is used to capture the time-frequency spatial features of voiceprint signals,and the time-series dynamic characteristics of the signals are extracted by combining with the gated recurrent neural network.Then,the cross-modal feature fusion is realized by weighted residual connection.Finally,the feature dimension of global average pooling compression is adopted,and the generalization ability is optimized by- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.004融合多模态残差连接的变压器故障声纹诊断方法庞永林¹,王文超¹,刘天奇¹,粱佳宇¹,张欣伟¹,王坤涵¹,董乐聪²,张雄²(1.国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司 电力科学研究院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;2.华北电力大学 机械工程系,河北 保定 071003)摘 要:基于传统声纹诊断方法因高度依赖人工构造特征工程而难以进一步提升诊断准确率,提出一种融合多模态残差连接的声纹诊断方法.首先,利用二维卷积神经网络捕捉声纹信号的时频空间特征,同时结合门控循环神经网络提取信号时序动态特性构建双模态特征提取架构;其次,通过加权残差连接实现跨模态特征融合;最后,采用全局平均池化压缩特征维度,结合批量归一化及分层Dropout策略优化泛化能力.基于110 kV与500 kV变压器实测数据的实验结果表明,模型平均准确率较传统卷积神经网络与长短期记忆网络模型提升10.26%,在低信噪比(-10 dB)仍保持90.2%的准确率,且在噪声环境下的性能显著优于同类模型,充分验证了本文方法的高效性与优越性.关键词:卷积神经网络;门控循环神经网络;残差连接;特征融合中图分类号:TM41 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0590-11Transformer fault voiceprint diagnosis method based on multimodal residual connectionPANG Yonglin¹, WANG Wenchao¹, LIU Tianqi¹, LIANG Jiayu¹, ZHANG Xinwei¹, WANG Kunhan¹, DONG Lecong², ZHANG Xiong²(1.Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Inner Mongolia Eastern Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010010, China;2.Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China)Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the traditional voiceprint diagnosis method is highly dependent on artificially constructed feature engineering,which limits the improvement of diagnostic accuracy,this study proposes a voiceprint diagnosis method with multimodal residual connection.Firstly,a two-modal feature extraction architecture is constructed,and a two-dimensional convolutional neural network is used to capture the time-frequency spatial features of voiceprint signals,and the time-series dynamic characteristics of the signals are extracted by combining with the gated recurrent neural network.Then,the cross-modal feature fusion is realized by weighted residual connection.Finally,the feature dimension of global average pooling compression is adopted,and the generalization ability is optimized by- 收稿日期:2025-07-07;修回日期:2025-09-09 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52105098);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2024502052;E2021502038);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2025MS137);国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司科技项目(SGMDDK00GGJS2400134) 第一作者:庞永林(1995—),男,国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司工程师,主要从事高压绝缘技术及在线监测技术方向研究. E-mail:17303223392@163.com 通信作者:张雄(1990—),男,华北电力大学副教授,博士,主要从事旋转机械设备状态监测与故障诊断方向研究.E-mail:hdjxzx@ncepu.edu.cn 第6期庞永林等:融合多模态残差连接的变压器故障声纹诊断方法河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷combining batch normalization and hierarchical dropout strategies.The experimental results based on the measured data of 110 kV and 500 kV transformers show that the average accuracy of the model is 10.26% higher than that of the traditional CNN-LSTM model,the accuracy of 90.2% is still maintained under the low signal-to-noise ratio(-10 dB),and the performance in the noise environment is significantly better than that of similar models.The result fully verifies the efficiency and superiority of the proposed method.

In order to improve the electric field strength inside the quartz tube of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet, a double-ring electrode dielectric barrier discharge reactor with argon as the working gas and internal floating electrodes is proposed in this paper. With the help of COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, the internal axial electric field strengths of the pre-discharge of two different atmospheric pressure plasma jet devices, the traditional double-ring electrodes and the internal floating electrodes, are investigated. It was found that the internal peak axial electric field strength of the internal floating electrodes device increased by 82.3% compared with that of the conventional double-ring electrode- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.005内置悬浮电极对大气压等离子体射流的光电特性影响单瑞康¹,王伟伟¹,侯佳讯¹,樊智慧¹,王景全¹,刘富成²,刘峰¹(1.河北工程大学 数理科学与工程学院,河北省计算光学成像与光电检测技术创新中心,河北省计算光学成像与智能感测国际联合研究中心,河北 邯郸 056038;2.河北大学 物理科学与技术学院,河北 保定 071002)摘 要:为了提高大气压等离子体射流石英管内的电场强度,提出了以氩气作为工作气体内置悬浮电极的双环电极介质阻挡放电反应器.借助COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件研究了传统双环电极和内置悬浮电极2种不同大气压等离子体射流装置预放电的内部轴向电场强度.研究发现,相比于传统双环电极装置,内置悬浮电极装置内部轴向峰值电场强度增加了82.3%.随后系统地分析其电学和光学特性:在内置悬浮电极装置中,大气压等离子体射流的性能得到了显著提高,电流脉冲峰值、功率和谱线强度均有所增强,电子温度降低.验证了一种特殊的电极设计,该设计可以放大局部电场强度,产生高性能等离子体,同时抑制外部电场强度从而减小短路风险.关键词:介质阻挡放电;悬浮电极;局部增强电场;光电特性中图分类号:O461;O433 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0601-08Influence of internal floating electrodes on the optical and electrical characteristics of atmospheric pressure plasma jetsSHAN Ruikang¹, WANG Weiwei¹, HOU Jiaxun¹, FAN Zhihui¹, WANG Jingquan¹, LIU Fucheng², LIU Feng¹(1. Hebei International Joint Research Center for Computational Optical Imaging and Intelligent Sensing,Hebei Computational Optical Imaging and Photoelectric Detection Technology Innovation Center,School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China,2.College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China)Abstract: In order to improve the electric field strength inside the quartz tube of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet, a double-ring electrode dielectric barrier discharge reactor with argon as the working gas and internal floating electrodes is proposed in this paper. With the help of COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, the internal axial electric field strengths of the pre-discharge of two different atmospheric pressure plasma jet devices, the traditional double-ring electrodes and the internal floating electrodes, are investigated. It was found that the internal peak axial electric field strength of the internal floating electrodes device increased by 82.3% compared with that of the conventional double-ring electrode- 收稿日期:2025-03-27;修回日期:2025-05-27 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(11505045);河北省自然科学基金项目(A2012402002);邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(21422111227) 第一作者:单瑞康(2001— ),男,河北工程大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事等离子体放电特性方向研究.E-mail:srk15630325058@163.com 通信作者:刘峰(1978— ),男,河北工程大学教授,主要从事等离子体及其应用方向研究.E-mail:fengliu@hebeu.edu.cn 第6期单瑞康等:内置悬浮电极对大气压等离子体射流的光电特性影响河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷device. Subsequently, the electrical and optical characteristics were systematically analyzed: in the internal floating electrodes device, the performance of the atmospheric-pressure plasma jet was significantly improved, the peak current pulse, power and spectral intensity were enhanced, and the electron temperature was reduced. This work validates a special electrode design that can amplify the local electric field strength to generate high-performance plasma while suppressing the external electric field strength to reduce the risk of short-circuit.

Replacing the gold(Au)back electrode commonly used in normal perovskite solar cells(PSCs)with silver(Ag)can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of the device and facilitate the commercial application of PSCs. However, the Schottky barrier caused by the mismatch of work function at the interface between the hole transport layer and the silver electrode can lead to S-shaped J-V curves of PSCs, significantly reducing the photovoltaic performance of the device. Here, we introduce a molybdenum oxide(MoOx)buffer layer deposited by thermal evaporation between the hole transport layer and the silver electrode. It is demonstrated that inserting a MoOx buffer layer with appropriate thickness between- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.006MoOx缓冲层增强银基钙钛矿太阳电池效率及稳定性武利平¹,蒋树刚²,张文修¹,谢英²,王新占¹,李科¹,何雷²,路万兵¹(1.河北大学 物理科学与技术学院, 新能源光电器件国家地方联合工程实验室,河北 保定 071002;2.保定学院 汽车与电子工程学院,河北 保定 071000)摘 要:用银(Ag)替代正置钙钛矿太阳电池(perovskite solar cells,PSCs)中常用的金(Au)背电极,可以有效降低器件的制备成本,便于PSCs的商业应用.然而,空穴传输层与银电极界面功函数不匹配引起的肖特基势垒,会导致PSCs出现异常的S形电流密度-电压(current density-voltage, J-V)曲线,显著降低器件光伏性能.本文通过在PSCs的空穴传输层与银背电极之间,利用热蒸发法沉积合适厚度的MoOx缓冲层,有效改善了界面的空穴输运特性,消除了银作为背电极的PSCs的J-V曲线的S形特征.同时,该MoOx缓冲层还有利于抑制银电极与钙钛矿层中的碘离子之间的扩散反应,提高器件的稳定性.通过分析MoOx缓冲层厚度对PSCs光伏性能的影响发现:随着MoOx层厚度的增加,PSCs的光电转换效率(photoelectric conversion efficiency,PCE)先增加后减少.当MoOx层厚度为9 nm时,所制备的PSCs光伏性能最优,其PCE达到18.7%,较无MoOx缓冲层的参考器件提高了41%.关键词:钙钛矿太阳电池;电极;稳定性中图分类号:TM914.4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0609-06Efficiency and stability of silver-based perovskite solar cells enhanced by MoOx buffer layerWU Liping¹, JIANG Shugang², ZHANG Wenxiu¹, XIE Ying², WANG Xinzhan¹, LI Ke¹, HE Lei², LU Wanbing¹(1. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; 2. College of Automotive and Electronic Engineering, Baoding University, Baoding 071000, China)Abstract: Replacing the gold(Au)back electrode commonly used in normal perovskite solar cells(PSCs)with silver(Ag)can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of the device and facilitate the commercial application of PSCs. However, the Schottky barrier caused by the mismatch of work function at the interface between the hole transport layer and the silver electrode can lead to S-shaped J-V curves of PSCs, significantly reducing the photovoltaic performance of the device. Here, we introduce a molybdenum oxide(MoOx)buffer layer deposited by thermal evaporation between the hole transport layer and the silver electrode. It is demonstrated that inserting a MoOx buffer layer with appropriate thickness between- 收稿日期:2024-12-19;修回日期:2025-05-16 基金项目:河北省自然科学基金项目(E2021201014);保定市“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023创206) 第一作者:武利平(1980—),女,河北大学副教授,主要从事光电功能材料及新能源器件方向研究.E-mail:lipingwu@hbu.edu.cn 通信作者:何雷(1971—),男,保定学院副教授,主要从事原子物理及光电功能材料方向研究.E-mail:helei@bdu.edu.cn路万兵(1980—),男,河北大学副教授,博士,主要从事光电功能材料及新能源器件方向研究.E-mail:wanbinglu@hbu.edu.cn 第6期武利平等:MoOx缓冲层增强银基钙钛矿太阳电池效率及稳定性河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷the hole transport layer and the silver electrode can effectively improve the hole transport characteristics of the interface and eliminate the S-shaped J-V curve of PSCs with silver as the back electrode. Meanwhile, the MoOx buffer layer also can improve the stability of devices by suppressing the diffusion reaction between the Ag electrode and iodide ions in the perovskite layer. By analyzing the effect of MoOx buffer layer thickness on the photovoltaic performance of PSCs, it was found that as the MoOx layer thickness increases, the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of PSCs first increases and then decreases. When the thickness of the MoOx layer is 9 nm, the photovoltaic performance of the prepared PSCs is optimal, with a PCE of 18.7%, which is 41% higher than the reference device without a MoOx buffer layer.

The purpose of this paper is to systematically evaluate the antimicrobial peptides from larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis, a resource insect with important development prospects, in order to provide scientific basis for the efficient utilization of antimicrobial peptides and the development of antibacterial agents for plant pathogenic fungi. Firstly, antimicrobial peptides were extracted using four methods:- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.007白星花金龟幼虫抗菌肽提取方法对比及其抑菌活性和稳定性研究陈思彤¹,张肖肖¹,陈新²,高梦洁²,李静¹,白明^1,3,4(1.河北农业大学 植物保护学院,河北 保定 071001;2. 沧州师范学院 生命科学学院,河北 沧州 061001;3. 中国科学院 动物研究所,动物多样性保护与有害动物防控重点实验室,北京 100101;4.青海师范大学 高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海 西宁 810016)摘 要:通过对具有重要开发前景的资源昆虫白星花金龟(Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis)幼虫抗菌肽进行系统评估,为抗菌肽高效利用和植物病原真菌抑菌剂的开发提供科学依据.首先利用醋酸铵缓冲液提取法、醋酸钠缓冲液浸提法、氢氧化钠提取法、醋酸海藻酸法4种方法提取抗菌肽,再将获得的白星花金龟幼虫抗菌肽使用超滤管进行纯化,然后比较得率.评价所获白星花金龟幼虫抗菌肽对6种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性及其在不同情况下的稳定性.结果表明:4种提取法中,氢氧化钠提取法得到的非纯化蛋白占总质量的18.41%,纯化蛋白占总质量的5.34%,技术流程较为简便,建议在白星花金龟幼虫抗菌肽提取中使用;白星花金龟幼虫抗菌肽对梨黑斑病菌(Alternaria kikuchiana)抑菌效率最高为84.78%,有开发为梨黑斑病菌抑菌剂的潜在可能;在反复冻融1~2次,温度80 ℃以下,pH为5.5~7.5时,白星花金龟幼虫抗菌肽的抑菌活力保持率在80%以上,在此区间外容易失去抗菌活性.关键词:白星花金龟;抗菌肽;抑菌活性;稳定性中图分类号:Q969.97 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0615-08Comparison of extraction methods of antimicrobial peptides from the larva of the Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis and study on its antibacterial activity and stabilityCHEN Sitong¹, ZHANG Xiaoxiao¹, CHEN Xin², GAO Mengjie², LI Jing¹, BAI Ming^1,3,4(1. College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;2.College of Life Science, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou 061001, China;3.Key Laboratory of Animal Biodiversity Conservation and Integrated Pest Management, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;4. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China)Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to systematically evaluate the antimicrobial peptides from larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis, a resource insect with important development prospects, in order to provide scientific basis for the efficient utilization of antimicrobial peptides and the development of antibacterial agents for plant pathogenic fungi. Firstly, antimicrobial peptides were extracted using four methods:- 收稿日期:2024-10-11;修回日期:2024-12-20 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2601200);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑［2022］一般 173) 第一作者:陈思彤(1994—),男,满族,河北农业大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事抗菌肽方向研究. E-mail:15530233569@163.com 通信作者:李静(1976—),女,河北农业大学教授,博士,主要从事昆虫多样性及系统发育方向研究. E-mail:lijing1976416514@163.com白明(1977—),男,中国科学院研究员,博士,主要从事下一代昆虫分类学方向研究. E-mail: baim@ioz.ac.cn 第6期陈思彤等:白星花金龟幼虫抗菌肽提取方法对比及其抑菌活性和稳定性研究河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷ammonium acetate buffer extraction method, sodium acetate buffer extraction method, sodium hydroxide extraction method, and acetic acid alginate method. The antibacterial peptides obtained from P. brevitarsis larvae were purified using ultrafiltration tubes, followed by yield comparison. Secondly, the antibacterial activity and stability of the antimicrobial peptides obtained from the larva of P. brevitarsis Lewis against six plant pathogenic fungi were evaluated. The results indicated that among the four extraction methods, the sodium hydroxide extraction method was identified as the most effective. It yielded the highest proportion of total non-purified protein at 18.41% of the total mass, and a relatively high content of purified protein at 5.34%. Due to its relatively simple technical procedure, this method is recommended for the extraction of antimicrobial peptides from the larvae of P. brevitarsis. The antibacterial peptides derived from P. brevitarsis larvae showed the highest inhibition rate of 84.78% against Alternaria kikuchiana, suggesting their potential as a biocontrol agent for this disease. Under repeated freeze-thaw cycles of less than 2 times, temperature below 80 ℃, and pH between 5.5—7.5, the antibacterial activity of P. brevitarsis Lewis antibacterial peptide was maintained at over 80%.Outside this range, it is easy to lose antibacterial activity.

In order to clarify the reproductive status, dynamic changes in mitosis interphase and the abnormal key expression genes and key metabolic pathways after uge1 gene deletion of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, live cell imaging was used to analyze sporulation and dynamic changes in mitosis interphase after uge1 gene deletion(Δuge1)combining with RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)technology and bioinformatics analysis for wild-type and Δuge1 strain, and the expression of key genes was- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.008uge1基因缺失对粟酒裂殖酵母生长生殖的影响及其分子机制青昕¹,张丁¹,余雯¹,刘可¹,丁祥²,侯怡铃¹(1.西华师范大学 生命科学学院,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川 南充 637009;2.西华师范大学 环境科学与工程学院,四川 南充 637009)摘 要:为明确粟酒裂殖酵母uge1基因缺失后生殖情况、有丝分裂间期动力学变化及异常的关键表达基因和关键代谢通路,采用活细胞成像分析uge1基因缺失(Δuge1)后产孢情况及有丝分裂间期动力学变化,结合RNA测序(RNA-Seq)技术对野生型和Δuge1菌株测序并进行生物信息学分析,同时采用荧光定量PCR对关键基因的表达水平进行验证. 活细胞成像结果表明,uge1基因缺失导致酵母产4个正常孢子数的细胞减少,孢子直径增大,6%的Δuge1菌株出现细胞核解聚,微管束在细胞壁上的停留时间减少了(0.526±0.08)min. RNA测序结果显示,Δuge1菌株中mat2-Pc、mat2-Pi基因的上调表达与mfm1、mfm2基因的下调表达导致了粟酒裂殖酵母的异常生殖过程,aat1基因的表达量增加使纺锤体延伸时间变长,acp2和cdc8基因的过量表达则导致了肌动蛋白环收缩减慢. KEGG富集分析表明,脂肪酸合成代谢中fas1、fas2和cut6基因的表达下调干扰了脂肪酸合成代谢,促使核膜合成障碍,导致核解聚的发生. 研究结果揭示了粟酒裂殖酵母uge1基因缺失导致细胞生长生殖异常的关键表达基因和关键代谢通路,为深入研究uge1基因对细胞动力学影响的分子机制提供了一定的科学依据.关键词:uge1基因缺失;粟酒裂殖酵母;RNA测序;有性生殖;有丝分裂中图分类号:Q932 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0623-14Effect of uge1 gene deletion on the growth and reproduction of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and its molecular mechanismQING Xin¹, ZHANG Ding¹, YU Wen¹, LIU Ke¹, DING Xiang², HOU Yiling¹(1. Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China; 2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China)Abstract: In order to clarify the reproductive status, dynamic changes in mitosis interphase and the abnormal key expression genes and key metabolic pathways after uge1 gene deletion of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, live cell imaging was used to analyze sporulation and dynamic changes in mitosis interphase after uge1 gene deletion(Δuge1)combining with RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)technology and bioinformatics analysis for wild-type and Δuge1 strain, and the expression of key genes was- 收稿日期:2024-10-30;修回日期:2025-03-03 基金项目:四川省科技厅应用基础面上项目(2022NSFSC0107);四川省科技厅农业科技成果转化资金项目(2022NZZJ0003);四川省转移支付科技成果转移转化示范项目(22ZYZFSF0009;23ZHSF0082) 第一作者:青昕(1998—),女,西华师范大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事生物化学与分子生物学方向研究.E-mail:1026362669@qq.com 通信作者:侯怡铃(1983—),女,西华师范大学教授,主要从事生物化学与分子生物学方向研究.E-mail:yilingh128@163.com 第6期青昕等:uge1基因缺失对粟酒裂殖酵母生长生殖的影响及其分子机制河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷also validated using fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results of live cell imaging showed that the deletion of the uge1 gene resulted in a decrease in the number of cells producing four normal spores in yeast, an increase in spore diameter. 6% Δuge1 strain exhibited nuclear depolymerization and the residence time of the microtubule bundle on the cell wall decreased by(0.526±0.08)min. RNA sequencing results showed that the up-regulated expression of mat2-Pc and mat2-Pi genes and the down-regulation of mfm1 and mfm2 genes in the Δuge1 strain led to the abnormal reproductive process of S.pombe. The increased expression of aat1 gene interfered with the extension of spindle, and the overexpression of acp2 and cdc8 genes led to the slow contraction of actin loop in Δuge1 strain. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the down-regulation of fas1, fas2 and cut6 genes in fatty acid synthesis pathway interfered with the fatty acid synthesis, which promoted the disorder of nuclear membrane synthesis, and led to the occurrence of nuclear depolymerization. These results revealed the key genes and key metabolic pathways that the deletion of uge1 gene in S.pombe led to abnormal cell growth and reproduction, and provided a scientific basis for further research on the molecular mechanism of uge1 genes impact on cell dynamics.

In recent years, significant strides have been made in strengthening ecological conservation, fostering a synergistic balance between economic development and environmental protection. Notable improvements in water quality metrics have been observed, accompanied by a gradual restoration of aquatic ecosystem health. Conducting ecological health assessments is of paramount importance for accurately tracking the progress of aquatic ecosystem recovery. Rapid and effective biomonitoring of aquatic organisms serves as a prerequisite for understanding restoration trajectories and supporting sustainable management. Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology, which leverages trace nucleic acids in the environment to directly infer species presence and abundance, has emerged as a prominent and innovative approach. This article provides a systematic review of aquatic ecological health assessments utilizing eDNA technology, compares eDNA methods with traditional approaches, and elaborates on both the practical applications and limitations of eDNA techniques. Finally, we discuss future prospects for eDNA technology, aiming to offer insights and references for the advancement of ecological civilization.- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.009基于eDNA的水体生态健康评价王宏伟,卢灿然,王玺,庄凤玉,杨丽坤 (河北大学 生命科学学院,生命科学与绿色发展研究院,河北 保定 071002 )摘 要:近年来,随着生态文明建设的加强,经济发展和环境保护双赢, 水质指标得到显著提升,水体健康状况正在逐渐恢复.开展生态健康评价对于更好地把握水生态系统恢复进程尤为重要. 快速、有效的水生生物监测是掌握恢复进程、支撑持续管理的前置条件. 环境DNA(environmental DNA,eDNA)技术借助环境微量核酸直接映射物种存在与丰度,已成为新兴主流手段. 本文系统综述了利用eDNA技术进行的水体生态健康评价,对比了eDNA技术与传统生态评价方法,详细阐述eDNA技术的实际应用及局限性, 并对eDNA技术的未来发展趋势进行展望,希望为生态文明建设提供参考和借鉴.关键词:eDNA;生物多样性;生态健康评价中图分类号:Q89 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0637-07Ecological health assessment of waters based on eDNAWANG Hongwei, LU Canran, WANG Xi, ZHUANG Fengyu, YANG Likun(Institute of Life Science and Green Development,College of Life Sciences,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China)Abstract: In recent years, significant strides have been made in strengthening ecological conservation, fostering a synergistic balance between economic development and environmental protection. Notable improvements in water quality metrics have been observed, accompanied by a gradual restoration of aquatic ecosystem health. Conducting ecological health assessments is of paramount importance for accurately tracking the progress of aquatic ecosystem recovery. Rapid and effective biomonitoring of aquatic organisms serves as a prerequisite for understanding restoration trajectories and supporting sustainable management. Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology, which leverages trace nucleic acids in the environment to directly infer species presence and abundance, has emerged as a prominent and innovative approach. This article provides a systematic review of aquatic ecological health assessments utilizing eDNA technology, compares eDNA methods with traditional approaches, and elaborates on both the practical applications and limitations of eDNA techniques. Finally, we discuss future prospects for eDNA technology, aiming to offer insights and references for the advancement of ecological civilization.- 收稿日期:2024-03-21;修回日期:2024-10-08 基金项目:河北省燕赵黄金台聚才计划骨干人才项目(留学回国平台项目)(C2024026);教育部留学回国基金项目(201808130270);河北省自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(C2022201042);河北省科技特派员项目(2024-2026);河北大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2023167;DC2025346);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2025201026) 第一作者:王宏伟(1970—),女,河北大学教授,博士,主要从事水生生物环境监测与保护方向的研究. E-mail:whw66668888@126.com 通信作者:杨丽坤(1982—),女,河北大学实验师,主要从事环境科学方向的研究.E-mail:holly66668888@126.com 第6期王宏伟等:基于eDNA的水体生态健康评价河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷

In order to understand the ecological health status of rivers in the Daqinghe Basin, monitoring and research were conducted of benthic animals in May and September 2023.The benthic index of biological integrity(B-IBI)was selected to evaluate the health status of rivers in the Daqinghe Basin. After preliminary screening of 22 parameters through discriminant ability, distribution range, and correlation- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.06.010基于大型底栖动物生物完整性指数的大清河流域河流健康评价王菲¹,周绪申²,赵燕楚²,孙博闻³, 周旌¹(1.河北省生态环境监测中心,河北 石家庄 050037;2.生态环境部 海河流域北海海域生态环境监测与科学研究中心,天津 300170;3.水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300072)摘 要:为了解大清河流域河流生态健康状况,2023年5月和9月对河流的大型底栖动物开展监测研究,采用大型底栖动物生物完整性指数(benthic index of biological integrity,B-IBI)对河流健康状况进行评价.通过判别能力、分布范围和相关性分析对22个参数初筛,最终筛选出评价体系的主要指标,包括总分类单元数量、EPT分类单元数量、端足目+软体动物个体相对丰度、生物指数(BI)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和捕食者个体相对丰度.根据比值法,以参考点B-IBI值的25%分位数,确定大清河流域河流健康评价标准.调查结果表明,大清河流域河流共鉴定到大型底栖动物158个分类单元,包含软体动物门24种,环节动物门9种,节肢动物门125种.方形环棱螺(Bellamya purificata)、纹沼螺(Parafossarulus striatulus)、小云多足摇蚊(Polypedilium nubeculosum)、中华齿米虾(Caridina denticulata sinensis)为流域内的优势种.大型底栖动物完整性指数评价结果显示,河流健康状况总体呈现中等状态.67个采样点中,6个为健康,25个为良好,20个为中等,15个为较差,1个为很差.与2018年相比,大清河流域河流健康状况有所改善.关键词:大清河流域;河流健康评价;大型底栖动物;生物完整性指数中图分类号:Q89 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)06-0644-09River health assessment of the Daqinghe Basin based on benthic index of biological integrityWANG Fei¹, ZHOU Xushen², ZHAO Yanchu², SUN Bowen³, ZHOU Jing¹(1. Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050037, China; 2. Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center of Haihe River Basin and Beihai Sea Area, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Tianjin 300170, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin 300072, China)Abstract: In order to understand the ecological health status of rivers in the Daqinghe Basin, monitoring and research were conducted of benthic animals in May and September 2023.The benthic index of biological integrity(B-IBI)was selected to evaluate the health status of rivers in the Daqinghe Basin. After preliminary screening of 22 parameters through discriminant ability, distribution range, and correlation- 收稿日期:2024-08-21;修回日期:2024-11-06 基金项目:水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金项目(2021nkms04);河北省白洋淀流域水生态监测项目(ZC-467004-2024003) 第一作者:王菲(1982—),男,河北省生态环境监测中心高级工程师,博士,主要从事生态质量监测与评价方向研究.E-mail:we.fei@qq.com 通信作者:赵燕楚(1992—),女,生态环境部高级工程师,博士,主要从事水生态监测与评价方向研究.E-mail: z18306421151@163.com 第6期王菲等:基于大型底栖动物生物完整性指数的大清河流域河流健康评价河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷analysis, the main indicators of the evaluation system were ultimately selected, including the number of total taxonomic units, EPT taxonomic units, relative abundance of cephalopods and mollusks, biological index(BI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and relative abundance of predator individuals. According to the ratio method, the 25% percentile of the reference point B-IBI value is used to determine the river health evaluation criteria for the Daqinghe Basin. The survey results indicate that a total of 158 taxonomic units of large benthic animals have been identified in the Daqinghe Basin, including 24 species of mollusks, 9 species of annelids, and 125 species of arthropods. The dominant species in the watershed are Bellamya purifica, Parafossarulus striatulus, Polypedium nubeculosum, and Caridina denticulata sinensis. The evaluation results of the integrity index of large benthic animals show that the river is generally in a moderate state. Among the 67 sampling points, 6 are healthy, 25 are good, 20 are moderate, 15 are poor, and 1 is very poor. Compared to 2018, the health status of rivers in the Daqinghe Basin has improved.

For eddy current excitation thermal imaging detection, the faster region convolutional neural network(Faster R-CNN)algorithm is improved, and the Inception-V4 structure is introduced as a feature extraction network to improve the accuracy and speed of defect recognition. Experimental methods are used to obtain different types of defect data, and convolutional neural networks are imported for training and testing, and the results are compared with the results processed by common VGG and ResNet networks. The results show that the model proposed in this paper can meet the requirements of defect recognition, and is better than the traditional algorithm in terms of recognition accuracy and recognition speed.

The NOx emission measurement in the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)system of boiler has the problems of poor real-time performance and abnormal measurement during purging. Accurate prediction of boiler NOx emission can improve the real-time performance and accuracy of measurement. Therefore, a boiler NOx emission prediction method based on QSCSO-BLS and ensemble learning is proposed: By combining Lévy flight strategy and quantum strategy in the Dune Cat swarm algorithm(SCSO), an improved Dune Cat swarm algorithm(QSCSO)is proposed. The weight and bias of the width learning system(BLS)are optimized, and the QSCSO-BLS model is established. QSCSO-BLS was used to construct individual learner under different working conditions, and parametric regression method was used to train the combinator with individual learner output and working condition membership as inputs, and an integrated learning model for predicting NOx emission under all working conditions of BLS was obtained. The operation data of SCR system of a 660 MW thermal power unit is taken as an example. The results show that the proposed method can improve the accuracy of NOx prediction and provide a new method for boiler NOx emission prediction.