雾霾问题是当前危害中国人民群众健康的严重环境问题.由于雾霾天人们倾向于逗留于室内,室内空气质量便成为一个值得关注的问题.有鉴于此,本文中拟用红外光谱分析法对雾霾天采集的室内灰尘的化学组成进行研究.在中国雾霾污染最为严重的河北省保定市、雾霾污染相对严重的时间段选取不同日期采集了一系列室内灰尘样品.之后,对采集的样品进行红外光谱研究.通过红外光谱分析,对雾霾天室内灰尘的化学组成有了一个较为清晰的认识.实验结果表明,室内颗粒物由无机物和有机物组成.通过和标准物的红外谱图的对比,发现无机盐成分主要含有硫酸盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、铵盐等.对于有机物,笔者发现浮尘中存在蛋白类物质.本文的研究结果对理解雾霾污染对人民群众健康的危害具有一定的参考价值.
Haze weather is a serious threat to the peoples’ health in today’s China.As people tend to stay indoor during haze weather,the indoor air quality thus becomes a topic of great interest.In this study,we explore to use FTIR spectroscopy to investigate the chemical composition of indoor dust collected during haze weather.We collected indoor dust samples during haze weather in the city of Baoding which is the most air polluted city in China.Through IR spectral analysis,we get a general view towards the chemical composition of indoor dust.We found indoor dust contains inorganic and organic components.Inorganic components include sulfate,nitrate,phosphate,and ammonium salts;while organic components include proteins.We believe our findings are beneficial to a better understanding of the impact of haze weather on human health.
[1] KATHLEEN HESS-KOSA.Indoor air quality:sampling methodologies[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,2002:1-320.
[2] 付柏淋,吕阳,吉野博,等.中国典型城市室内灰尘中有害物质的实测研究[C].中国环境科学学会学术年会,2014,08:24.
[3] 张舒婷,李晓燕.城市室内灰尘重金属的水平及来源[J].环境化学,2014,33(7):1201-1207.DOI:10.7524 /j.issn.0254-6108.2014.07.024. ZHANG S T,LI X Y.Concentrations and sources of heavy metals in indoor dust of cities[J].Environmental Chemistry,2014,33(7):1201-1207.DOI:10.7524 /j.issn.0254-6108.2014.07.024.
[4] 杨文麟,闭向阳,韩志轩,等.中国部分省份农村室内灰尘铅污染特征[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(6):1246-1250.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2011.0221. YANG W L,BI X Y,HAN Z X,et al.Dust lead contamination in rural households of several provinces in China[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2011,30(6):1246-1250.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2011.0221.
[5] 王炳玲,张晓玲,张琦,等.超声辅助萃取气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定室内灰尘中的39种多氯联苯[J].色谱,2014,32(1):74-80.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2013.09007. WANG B L,ZHANG X L,ZHANG Q,et al.Determination of 39 polychlorinated biphenyls in indoor dust using ultrasonic extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Chromatography,2014,32(1):74-80.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2013.09007.
[6] 吴瑾光.近代傅里叶红外光谱变换及应用(上卷)[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1994:1-825.
[7] 刘永春,贺泓.大气颗粒物化学组成分析[J].化学进展,2007,19(10):1620-1631. LIU Y C,HE H.Analysis of chemical composition of atmospheric particles[J].Progress in Chemistry,2007,19(10):1620-1631.
[8] 张小曳,孙俊英,王亚强,等.我国雾-霾成因及其治理的思考[J].科学通报,2013,58(13):1178-1187.DOI:10.1360/972013-150.
