通过实验研究了等离子体环境中金属棘轮对介质尘埃颗粒的整流过程.单分散聚苯乙烯颗粒悬浮在处于等离子体环境中的金属棘轮通道内,通过调节气压和放电功率实现了对颗粒的整流,颗粒在锯齿通道内做可控性定向运动.实验中只观察到颗粒的逆向运动.由于金属棘轮电势低,其表面较厚的鞘层对颗粒形成较强的约束,颗粒受到的非平衡切向离子拖曳合力更大,这将引起颗粒更快的定向运动.实验结果为建立尘埃等离子体棘轮模型奠定基础.
The rectification of dust particles in a metal ratchet in plasma environment is studied experimentally. The monodisperse polystyrene particles are suspended in a metal ratchet channel.The direction of particle flows can be controlled by adjusting the gas pressure and the discharge power. In the experiment, only the negative motion of the particles occurs.Due to the low potential of the metal ratchet, the thicker sheath on the surface forms a strong constraint on the particles. Therefore, the nonequilibrium force of ion drag in the azimuthal direction becomes stronger, which results in fast flow of dust particles along the saw channel. The experimental results lay the foundation for the establishment of a dust plasma ratchet model.
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