为研究白洋淀水生植物衰败期腐解释放特征,采用遥感解译和现场调查相结合的方法,对白洋淀水生植物进行了多维度调查,估算了典型优势水生植物菹草、篦齿眼子菜和莲的全氮、全磷、有机质腐解释放量,提出了白洋淀水生植物管理对策.结果表明:菹草、篦齿眼子菜和莲的腐解释放对白洋淀水质影响较大;易腐解组分在总生物量中的质量分数菹草为72%,篦齿眼子菜为40%,莲为12.14%;难腐解组分在总生物量中的质量分数菹草为28%,篦齿眼子菜为60%,莲为87.86%.优势水生植物全氮、全磷、有机质的释放效率不同,但所有植物腐解前期磷释放速率最快,菹草有机质的释放量最大.水生植物腐解释放具有明显的时间特征,与水生植物生长周期密切相关,集中在优势种的腐解时期.为控制白洋淀水生植物腐解释放污染,应根据水生植物的生长周期及腐解释放规律,在5月中旬对菹草进行收割,9月中下旬对莲和篦齿眼子菜进行收割,并拓展水生植物的资源化利用途径.
To study the decomposition release characteristics of Baiyangdian Lake aquatic plants during decay, a multidimensional survey of Baiyangdian Lake aquatic plants was conducted using a combination of remote sensing interpretation and field surveys to estimate the decomposition release of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter from typical dominant aquatic plant Potamogeton crispus, - DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2023.04.011白洋淀水生植物腐解释放特征分析佟霁坤1,赵建国2,3,王军霞4,李洪波2,3,陈海婴1,王红云5(1.白洋淀流域生态环境监测中心,河北 保定 071051;2.河北省生态环境科学研究院 绿色发展研究所,河北 石家庄 050000;3.河北省水环境科学实验室,河北 石家庄 050000;4.河北大学 生命科学学院, 河北 保定 071002;5.保定市生态环境监控中心,河北 保定 071002)摘 要:为研究白洋淀水生植物衰败期腐解释放特征,采用遥感解译和现场调查相结合的方法,对白洋淀水生植物进行了多维度调查,估算了典型优势水生植物菹草、篦齿眼子菜和莲的全氮、全磷、有机质腐解释放量,提出了白洋淀水生植物管理对策.结果表明:菹草、篦齿眼子菜和莲的腐解释放对白洋淀水质影响较大;易腐解组分在总生物量中的质量分数菹草为72%,篦齿眼子菜为40%,莲为12.14%;难腐解组分在总生物量中的质量分数菹草为28%,篦齿眼子菜为60%,莲为87.86%.优势水生植物全氮、全磷、有机质的释放效率不同,但所有植物腐解前期磷释放速率最快,菹草有机质的释放量最大.水生植物腐解释放具有明显的时间特征,与水生植物生长周期密切相关,集中在优势种的腐解时期.为控制白洋淀水生植物腐解释放污染,应根据水生植物的生长周期及腐解释放规律,在5月中旬对菹草进行收割,9月中下旬对莲和篦齿眼子菜进行收割,并拓展水生植物的资源化利用途径.关键词:白洋淀;水生植物;腐解释放;生长周期中图分类号:Q89 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2023)04-0424-08Analysis of the characteristics of decomposition release of aquatic plants in Baiyangdian LakeTONG Jikun1,ZHAO Jianguo2,3,WANG Junxia4,LI Hongbo2,3,CHEN Haiying1,WANG Hongyun5(1. Baiyangdian Basin Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Baoding 071051, China;2. Institute of Green Development,Hebei Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050000, China;3. Hebei Water Environmental Science Laboratory, Shijiazhuang 050000, China;4. College of Life Sciences,Hebei University, Baoding 071002,China;5. Baoding Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center,Baoding 071002, China)Abstract: To study the decomposition release characteristics of Baiyangdian Lake aquatic plants during decay, a multidimensional survey of Baiyangdian Lake aquatic plants was conducted using a combination of remote sensing interpretation and field surveys to estimate the decomposition release of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter from typical dominant aquatic plant Potamogeton crispus, - 收稿日期:2022-09-14 基金项目:河北省重点研发计划项目资源与环境创新专项(3110701);河北省湿地生态与保护重点实验室开放基金资助项目(hklk202003);保定市科技计划项目(2141ZF003) 第一作者:佟霁坤(1981—),男,河北怀来人,白洋淀流域生态环境监测中心高级工程师,主要从事水生态监测研究.E-mail:601766712@qq.com 通信作者:赵建国(1991—),男,河北石家庄人,河北省生态环境科学研究院工程师,主要从事水生态环境修复方向研究.E-mail:807078293@qq.com王军霞(1974—),女,河北新乐人,河北大学副教授,主要从事水域生态修复方向研究. E-mail: 303370613@qq.com第4期佟霁坤等:白洋淀水生植物腐解释放特征分析P.pectinatus and Nelumbo nucifera,countermeasures for the management of Baiyangdian Lake aquatic plants were proposed.The results showed that the decomposing release of P. crispus, P. pectinatus and N. nucifera had a greater impact on Baiyangdian Lake water quality. The mass fraction of easily decomposed fractions in the total biomass was 72% for P. crispus, 40% for P. pectinatus cress and 12.14% for N. nucifera; the mass fraction of difficult to decompose fractions in the total biomass was 28% for P. crispus, 60% for P. pectinatus and 87.86% for N. nucifera.The release efficiency of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and organic matter from dominant aquatic plants varied, but the release rate of phosphorus was fastest in all plants during the pre-decay period, and the release of organic matter was greatest in P. crispus.The decay release of aquatic plants has obvious temporal characteristics, closely related to the growth cycle of aquatic plants, concentrated in the decay period of the dominant species. In order to control the decay and release of aquatic plants in Baiyangdian Lake, we should harvest P. crispus in mid-May and P. pectinatus and N. nucifera in mid-late September according to the growth cycle and decay and release rules of aquatic plants, and expand the resource utilization pathway of aquatic plants.
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