为进一步探究微生物代谢产物在原油开采中的应用,本研究以油污土壤样品中分离获得的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)BvN7为研究对象,对其产生的表面活性剂进行了鉴定和特性研究.通过薄层层析、亚甲基蓝法和溴酚蓝法鉴定其表面活性剂为阴离子脂肽类.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和液相质谱联用分析表明,表面活性剂主要成分为环状脂肽伊枯草菌素(iturin)和表面活性素(surfactin),含量比约为1∶25.表面活性剂特性和稳定性分析结果表明,其临界胶束浓度为30 mg/L,可降低水的表面张力至26.51 mN/m,在pH 5~11、温度-20~100 ℃、盐度0%~10%内都保持较好的乳化性能及表面活性.岩心驱替实验表明,生物表面活性剂可提高原油采收率达15.95%.本研究为微生物采油技术在低渗透油田的应用提供了理论基础和实践依据.
To further explore the potential applications of microbial metabolites in crude oil recovery, this study focused on Bacillus velezensis BvN7, a strain isolated from oil-contaminated layer. Chromatography, methylene blue assay, and bromophenol blue method, revealed that the surfactants were anionic lipopeptide-type biosurfactants. By using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyse the structure of biosurfactants, the results indicated that the main components of surfactants were iturin and surfactin, both of which are cyclic lipopeptides, and the content of iturin and surfactin was about 1∶25. The characteristics and stability of the biosurfactants were analyzed, and the results showed the critical micelle concentration of the biosurfactants was 30 mg/L, which could reduce the surface tension of water to 26.51 mN/m. They maintained good emulsifying performance and surface activity within the pH range of 5—11, temperature range of -20 to 100 ℃,- 引用格式:何梦腾,潘浩文,邓洪兴,等.基于点云多尺度方向一致性的羊只体尺测量方法［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(2):113-127.引用格式:宋雨轩,周沁雯,王睿,等.贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BvN7产表面活性剂的鉴定及特性［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(2):173-181.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.02.006贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BvN7产表面活性剂的鉴定及特性宋雨轩1,周沁雯1,王睿1,余维初2,孙文秀1(1.长江大学 生命科学学院,湖北 荆州 434025;2.长江大学 化学与环境工程学院,湖北 荆州 434025)摘 要:为进一步探究微生物代谢产物在原油开采中的应用,本研究以油污土壤样品中分离获得的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)BvN7为研究对象,对其产生的表面活性剂进行了鉴定和特性研究.通过薄层层析、亚甲基蓝法和溴酚蓝法鉴定其表面活性剂为阴离子脂肽类.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和液相质谱联用分析表明,表面活性剂主要成分为环状脂肽伊枯草菌素(iturin)和表面活性素(surfactin),含量比约为1∶25.表面活性剂特性和稳定性分析结果表明,其临界胶束浓度为30 mg/L,可降低水的表面张力至26.51 mN/m,在pH 5~11、温度-20~100 ℃、盐度0%~10%内都保持较好的乳化性能及表面活性.岩心驱替实验表明,生物表面活性剂可提高原油采收率达15.95%.本研究为微生物采油技术在低渗透油田的应用提供了理论基础和实践依据.关键词:贝莱斯芽孢杆菌;产物鉴定;生物表面活性剂;石油采收率中图分类号:Q939.97;TE357 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)02-0173-09DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.02.006Identification and characterization of surfactant production by Bacillus velezensis strain BvN7SONG Yuxuan1, ZHOU Qinwen1, WANG Rui1, YU Weichu2, SUN Wenxiu1(1. College of Life Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;2. College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China)Abstract: To further explore the potential applications of microbial metabolites in crude oil recovery, this study focused on Bacillus velezensis BvN7, a strain isolated from oil-contaminated layer. Chromatography, methylene blue assay, and bromophenol blue method, revealed that the surfactants were anionic lipopeptide-type biosurfactants. By using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyse the structure of biosurfactants, the results indicated that the main components of surfactants were iturin and surfactin, both of which are cyclic lipopeptides, and the content of iturin and surfactin was about 1∶25. The characteristics and stability of the biosurfactants were analyzed, and the results showed the critical micelle concentration of the biosurfactants was 30 mg/L, which could reduce the surface tension of water to 26.51 mN/m. They maintained good emulsifying performance and surface activity within the pH range of 5—11, temperature range of -20 to 100 ℃,- 收稿日期:2025-05-13;修回日期:2025-06-01 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52274029) 第一作者:宋雨轩(1999—),女,长江大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事环境微生物应用方向研究.E-mail:18272668155@163.com 通信作者:孙文秀(1979—),女,长江大学教授,主要从事微生物资源开发与利用方向研究.E-mail:wenxiusun@163.com余维初(1965—),男,长江大学教授,博士生导师,主要从事油气田化学应用方向研究.E-mail:yuweichu@126.com 第2期宋雨轩等:贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BvN7产表面活性剂的鉴定及特性河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷and salt concentration range of 0%—10%. Core displacement experiments demonstrate that the surfactants can increase the oil recovery rate by 15.95%. The research results have provided a theoretical basis and practical evidence for the application of microbial enhanced oil recovery technology in low-permeability oilfields.
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