Abstract: Blockchain technology supports the authenticity and trustworthiness of penalty change execution data, enabling mutual trust and efficient collaboration among various entities.To address the constraints of Proof of Authority, an improved Dynamic Weighted Proof of Authority algorithm has been proposed to request consensus for penalty change execution.Another approach to achieve on-chain consensus among penalty change execution entities is to build an alliance chain and propose an on-chain consensus algorithm based on the Tangle structure.Based on the(t, n)threshold signature, a distributed oracle machine offline consensus algorithm has been proposed to carry out the on-chain and off-chain consensus. The bandwidth occupancy and consensus duration have been simulated, and the distributed oracle machine offline consensus algorithm has more advantages.

Key words: blockchain, consensus, penalty change execution