Typha is rich in dominant plant resources in wetlands, and its waste will cause eutrophication of water bodies. The biotransformation of edible fungi can reduce the damage of water bodies and avoid endogenous pollution of wetlands. Through the liquid fermentation experiment of the rare edible and medicinal fungus Stropharia rugoso-annulata, the vegetative growth experiment of the Typha matrix compatibility and the reproductive growth experiment, the optimum cultivation formula(mass fraction)under the Typha substrate was obtained: 60% of the Typha, 20% cottonseed skin, 10% wattle, 9% bran, 1% quicklime. The preparation method is to crush the Typha into wood chips, with cottonseed, stalks, bran and quicklime. The mass ratio of feed water is 1∶4. It provides a new way for the resource development of dominant aquatic plants in wetlands.