Using UV-vis spectroscopy, excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis, the temporal and spatial variation of dissolved organic matter(DOM)spectral characteristics and fluorescence components in Xiaoyi River were studied, and the relationship between DOM and water quality parameters was analyzed. The results showed that the concentration, aromatics, molecular weight and photochemical activity of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)in dry season were significantly higher than those in wet season(P<0.01), and the humification degree in wet season was higher than that in dry season. Three humus components(C1, C2 and C3)and one protein component(C4)were detected in the model. Humus and protein-like components came from point sources in dry season, and protein components came from point sources in wet season. Humus components were affected by point sources and plane sources together. The correlation and regression analysis of fluorescent dissolved- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2023.03.008孝义河枯、丰水期溶解有机物(DOM)的光谱特征岳龙飞1,2,李洪波1,3(1.河北大学 生态环境学院,河北 保定 071002;2.河北省生态环境科学研究院,河北 石家庄 050037;3.河北省水环境科学实验室,河北 石家庄 050037;)摘 要:采用紫外-可见光谱和激发-发射矩阵光谱与平行因子分析相结合的方法,研究了孝义河溶解有机物(DOM)光谱特征和荧光成分的时空变化,分析了DOM与水质参数的关系.结果表明:枯水期发色团溶解有机物(CDOM)浓度、芳香性、分子相对质量和光化学反应活性显著高于丰水期(P<0.01),丰水期的腐殖化程度高于枯水期;模型共检出3种类腐殖质组分(C1,C2和C3)和1种类蛋白组分(C4),枯水期腐殖质成分和类蛋白成分来源于流域点源排放,丰水期蛋白质成分来源于点源,腐殖质成分受点源和面源共同影响;荧光溶解有机物(FDOM)组分与水质参数的相关性和回归分析表明其对关键水质指标(化学需氧量,COD)具有良好的预测能力.因此,DOM的紫外光谱参数和荧光组分可用于快速水质监测和污染源指示.关键词:孝义河;溶解性有机物;紫外-可见光谱;激发-发射矩阵光谱;平行因子分析中图分类号:X522 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2023)03-0281-11Spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in Xiaoyi River during dry and wet periodsYUE Longfei1,2, LI Hongbo1,3(1. College of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; 2.Hebei Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050037, China; 3. Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Water Environment Science, Shijiazhuang 050037, China)Abstract: Using UV-vis spectroscopy, excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis, the temporal and spatial variation of dissolved organic matter(DOM)spectral characteristics and fluorescence components in Xiaoyi River were studied, and the relationship between DOM and water quality parameters was analyzed. The results showed that the concentration, aromatics, molecular weight and photochemical activity of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)in dry season were significantly higher than those in wet season(P<0.01), and the humification degree in wet season was higher than that in dry season. Three humus components(C1, C2 and C3)and one protein component(C4)were detected in the model. Humus and protein-like components came from point sources in dry season, and protein components came from point sources in wet season. Humus components were affected by point sources and plane sources together. The correlation and regression analysis of fluorescent dissolved- 收稿日期:2022-06-15 基金项目:河北省科技厅重点研发项目(3110701) 第一作者:岳龙飞(1996—),男,山西朔州人,河北大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事污染物溯源研究.E-mail:15951003982@163.com 通信作者:李洪波(1969—),男,河北肃宁人,河北省生态环境科学研究院正高级工程师,主要从事水生态治理与修复方向研究.E-mail:lhbhky@163.com第3期岳龙飞等:孝义河枯、丰水期溶解有机物(DOM)的光谱特征organic matter(FDOM)components and water quality parameters show that DOM has a good ability to predict the key water quality index chemical oxygen demand(COD). Therefore, the UV spectrum parameters and fluorescence components of DOM can be used for rapid water quality monitoring and pollution source indication.
[1] SHARPLESS C M, BLOUGH N V. The importance of charge-transfer interactions in determining chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)optical and photochemical properties[J]. Environ Sci Process Impacts, 2014, 16(4): 654-671. DOI: 10.1039/c3em00573a.
[2] LIU D, DU Y X, YU S J, et al. Human activities determine quantity and composition of dissolved organic matter in lakes along the Yangtze River[J]. Water Res, 2020, 168: 115132. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115132.
[3] SONG F H, WU F C, FENG W Y, et al. Depth-dependent variations of dissolved organic matter composition and humification in a plateau lake using fluorescence spectroscopy[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 225: 507-516. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.089.
[4] ZHOU Y Q, ZHANG Y L, SHI K, et al. Lake Taihu, a large, shallow and eutrophic aquatic ecosystem in China serves as a sink for chromophoric dissolved organic matter[J]. J Gt Lakes Res, 2015, 41(2): 597-606. DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.027.
[5] ZHANG Y L, LIU X H, OSBURN C L, et al. Photobleaching response of different sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter exposed to natural solar radiation using absorption and excitation-emission matrix spectra[J]. PLoS One, 2013, 8(10): e77515. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077515.
[6] ZHOU L, ZHOU Y Q, YAO X L, et al. Decreasing diversity of rare bacterial subcommunities relates to dissolved organic matter along permafrost thawing gradients[J]. Environ Int, 2020, 134: 105330. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105330
[7] WANG X N, WU Y, BAO H Y, et al. Sources, transport, and transformation of dissolved organic matter in a large river system: illustrated by the Changjiang River, China[J]. J Geophys Res Biogeosci, 2019, 124(12): 3881-3901. DOI: 10.1029/2018jg004986.
[8] SHANG Y X, SONG K S, JACINTHE P A, et al. Characterization of CDOM in reservoirs and its linkage to trophic status assessment across China using spectroscopic analysis[J]. J Hydrol, 2019, 576: 1-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.06.028.
[9] DAINARD P G, GUéGUEN C, YAMAMOTO-KAWAI M, et al. Interannual variability in the absorption and fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter in the Canada Basin polar mixed waters[J]. J Geophys Res Oceans, 2019, 124(7): 5258-5269. DOI: 10.1029/2018jc014896.
[10] TAO P R, JIN M, YU X B, et al. Spatiotemporal variations in chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)in a mixed land-use river: implications for surface water restoration[J]. J Environ Manag, 2021, 277: 111498. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111498.
[11] KIM J, KIM Y, PARK S E, et al. Impact of aquaculture on distribution of dissolved organic matter in coastal Jeju Island, Korea, based on absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2022, 29(1): 553-563. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15553-3.
[12] CARSTEA E M, BAKER A, BIEROZA M, et al. Characterisation of dissolved organic matter fluorescence properties by PARAFAC analysis and thermal quenching[J]. Water Res, 2014, 61: 152-161. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.013.
[13] LI Y Z, ZHANG Y B, LI Z, et al. Characterization of colored dissolved organic matter in the northeastern South China Sea using EEMs-PARAFAC and absorption spectroscopy[J]. J Sea Res, 2022, 180: 102159. DOI: 10.1016/j.seares.2021.102159.
[14] VILA DUPLÁ M. Characterization of cDOM in the Elkhorn Slough Estuary using EEM spectroscopy and its potential for macrophyte monitoring[J]. J Mar Syst, 2022, 226: 103661. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2021.103661.
[15] SONG K S, SHANG Y X, WEN Z D, et al. Characterization of CDOM in saline and freshwater lakes across China using spectroscopic analysis[J]. Water Res, 2019, 150: 403-417. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.004.
[16] JIN M Y, LEE J J, OH H J, et al. The response of catchment ecosystems in eutrophic agricultural reservoirs to water quality management using DOM fluorescence[J]. Sustainability, 2019, 11(24): 7207. DOI: 10.3390/su11247207.
[17] GE Z K, GAO L, MA N, et al. Variation in the content and fluorescent composition of dissolved organic matter in soil water during rainfall-induced wetting and extract of dried soil[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2021, 791: 148296. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148296.
[18] LAMBERT T, BOUILLON S, DARCHAMBEAU F, et al. Shift in the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter in the Congo River network[J]. Biogeosciences, 2016, 13(18): 5405-5420. DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-5405-2016.
[19] REN W X, WU X D, GE X G, et al. Characteristics of dissolved organic matter in lakes with different eutrophic levels in southeastern Hubei Province, China[J].J Oceanol Limnol, 2021, 39(4): 1256-1276. DOI: 10.1007/s00343-020-0102-x.
[20] DE HAAN H, DE BOER T. Applicability of light absorbance and fluorescence as measures of concentration and molecular size of dissolved organic carbon in humic Lake Tjeukemeer[J]. Water Res, 1987, 21(6): 731-734. DOI: 10.1016/0043-1354(87)90086-8.
[21] WEISHAAR J L, AIKEN G R, BERGAMASCHI B A, et al. Evaluation of specific ultraviolet absorbance as an indicator of the chemical composition and reactivity of dissolved organic carbon[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2003, 37(20): 4702-4708. DOI: 10.1021/es030360x.
[22] HELMS J R, STUBBINS A, RITCHIE J D, et al. Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratios as indicators of molecular weight, source, and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter[J]. Limnol Oceanogr, 2008, 53(3): 955-969. DOI: 10.4319/lo.2008.53.3.0955.
[23] JAFFÉ R, MCKNIGHT D, MAIE N, et al. Spatial and temporal variations in DOM composition in ecosystems: the importance of long-term monitoring of optical properties[J]. J Geophys Res, 2008, 113:G04032. DOI: 10.1029/2008jg000683.
[24] HUGUET A, VACHER L, RELEXANS S, et al. Properties of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Gironde Estuary[J]. Org Geochem, 2009, 40(6): 706-719. DOI: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.03.002.
[25] ZHOU Y Q, SHI K, ZHANG Y L, et al. Fluorescence peak integration ratio IC: IT as a new potential indicator tracing the compositional changes in chromophoric dissolved organic matter[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2017, 574: 1588-1598. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.196.
[26] STEDMON C A, BRO R. Characterizing dissolved organic matter fluorescence with parallel factor analysis: a tutorial[J]. Limnol Oceanogr Methods, 2008, 6(11): 572-579. DOI: 10.4319/lom.2008.6.572b.
[27] DERRIEN M, KIM M S, OCK G, et al. Estimation of different source contributions to sediment organic matter in an agricultural-forested watershed using end member mixing analyses based on stable isotope ratios and fluorescence spectroscopy[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2018, 618: 569-578. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.067.
[28] LAMBERT T, BOUILLON S, DARCHAMBEAU F, et al. Effects of human land use on the terrestrial and aquatic sources of fluvial organic matter in a temperate river basin(The Meuse River, Belgium)[J].Biogeochemistry, 2017, 136(2): 191-211. DOI: 10.1007/s10533-017-0387-9.
[29] CHEN B F, HUANG W, MA S Z, et al. Characterization of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in the littoral zones of eutrophic lakes taihu and Hongze during the algal bloom season[J].Water, 2018, 10(7):861-861.
[30] CHEN M L, KIM J H, NAM S I, et al. Production of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in Arctic Ocean sediments[J]. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 39213. DOI: 10.1038/srep39213.
[31] LU K T, GAO H J, YU H B, et al. Insight into variations of DOM fractions in different latitudinal rural black-odor waterbodies of Eastern China using fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with structure equation model[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2022, 816: 151531. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151531.
[32] SHARMA P, LAOR Y, RAVIV M, et al. Compositional characteristics of organic matter and its water-extractable components across a profile of organically managed soil[J]. Geoderma, 2017, 286: 73-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.10.014.
[33] GAO Z Y, GUÉGUEN C. Size distribution of absorbing and fluorescing DOM in Beaufort Sea, Canada Basin[J]. Deep Sea Res Part I Oceanogr Res Pap, 2017, 121: 30-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2016.12.014.
[34] HONG H L, WU S J, WANG Q, et al. Fluorescent dissolved organic matter facilitates the phytoavailability of copper in the coastal wetlands influenced by artificial topography[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2021, 790: 147855. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147855.
[35] SØNDERGAARD M, STEDMON C A, BORCH N H. Fate of terrigenous dissolved organic matter(DOM)in estuaries: aggregation and bioavailability[J]. Ophelia, 2003, 57(3): 161-176. DOI: 10.1080/00785236.2003.10409512.
[36] LI P H, CHEN L, ZHANG W, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution, sources, and photobleaching imprint of dissolved organic matter in the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent sea using fluorescence and parallel factor analysis[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(6): e0130852. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130852.
[37] LEE S A, KIM T H, KIM G. Tracing terrestrial versus marine sources of dissolved organic carbon in a coastal bay using stable carbon isotopes[J]. Biogeosciences, 2020, 17(1): 135-144. DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-135-2020.
[38] OSBURN C L, WIGDAHL C R, FRITZ S C, et al. Dissolved organic matter composition and photoreactivity in prairie lakes of the U.S. Great Plains[J]. Limnol Oceanogr, 2011, 56(6): 2371-2390. DOI: 10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2371.
[39] ZHANG Y L, VAN DIJK M A, LIU M L, et al. The contribution of phytoplankton degradation to chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)in eutrophic shallow lakes: field and experimental evidence[J]. Water Res, 2009, 43(18): 4685-4697. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.07.024.
[40] 陈昭宇,李思悦.三峡库区城镇化背景下河流DOM的吸收及荧光光谱特征[J].环境科学, 2019, 40(12): 5309-5317. DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201904196.
[41] BERGGREN M, STRÖM L, LAUDON H, et al. Lake secondary production fueled by rapid transfer of low molecular weight organic carbon from terrestrial sources to aquatic consumers[J]. Ecol Lett, 2010, 13(7): 870-880. DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01483.x.
[42] 王书航,王雯雯,姜霞,等.基于三维荧光光谱—平行因子分析技术的蠡湖CDOM分布特征[J].中国环境科学, 2016, 36(2): 517-524. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2016.02.031. (
