关键词: 碳点, 荧光传感器, 甲醛检测, 席夫碱反应

Abstract: In this work, the yellow fluorescent carbon dots(o-PD-CDs)was prepared by the microwave assisted method with o-phenylenediamine(o-PD)and N,N-dimethylformamide as raw materials, the preparation method is simple and rapid. Further study found that the yellow emission of o-PD-CDs would be quenched by formaldehyde(FA)in aqueous solution, and the quenching value of fluorescence intensity showed a good liner relationship with the FA concentration in the range from 0.01 to 0.80 mg/L, therefore, a fluorescent sensor was constructed for the quantitative detection of FA in aqueous solution and the limit of detection was 5.2 μg/L. Moreover, the FA sensing mechanism was explored, and the results showed that the o-PD-CDs possessed a lot of amino groups on the surface, a Schiff base reaction- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2025.01.006席夫碱反应诱导的荧光碳点猝灭用于检测甲醛常志伟¹,刘晓彤¹,王守林¹,杨阳¹,申世刚^1,2,董江雪¹(1.河北大学 化学与材料科学学院,河北 保定 071002;2.京津冀(雄安新区)生态安全与生态保护教育部工程研究中心,河北 保定 071002)摘 要:以富含碳元素和氮元素的邻苯二胺和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为原料,在微波辅助下通过一锅法成功制备了发射黄色荧光的碳点(o-PD-CDs),该制备方法简单快速.实验发现,所制备碳点的黄色荧光在水溶液中可被甲醛(FA)猝灭,并在FA质量浓度为0.01~0.80 mg/L时,荧光强度猝灭值与FA质量浓度呈现较好的线性关系.以o-PD-CDs为探针构建了水溶液中定量检测FA的荧光传感器,最低检出限为5.2 μg/L.此外,对检测FA的传感机制进行了研究,表明o-PD-CDs 含有丰富的氨基,可与FA发生席夫碱反应并生成相应的亚胺,从而导致 o-PD-CDs 的荧光发生猝灭.进一步实验发现,随着FA含量的增加,溶液中出现明显的席夫碱沉淀,据此可以实现质量浓度在0.5~150 mg/mL内FA的可视化半定量检测.所建立的传感器已成功应用于食品样品中甲醛的测定,回收率为98.10%~ 107.86%,相对标准偏差为0.86%~2.71%.关键词:碳点;荧光传感器;甲醛检测;席夫碱反应中图分类号:O657.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2025)01-0050-10Schiff base reaction-induced fluorescence quenching of carbon dots for detection of formaldehydeCHANG Zhiwei¹, LIU Xiaotong¹, WANG Shoulin¹, YANG Yang¹, SHEN Shigang^1,2, DONG Jiangxue¹(1. College of Chemisitry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; 2. Engineering Research Center of Ecological Safety and Conservation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(Xiongan New Area)of MOE, Baoding 071002, China)Abstract: In this work, the yellow fluorescent carbon dots(o-PD-CDs)was prepared by the microwave assisted method with o-phenylenediamine(o-PD)and N,N-dimethylformamide as raw materials, the preparation method is simple and rapid. Further study found that the yellow emission of o-PD-CDs would be quenched by formaldehyde(FA)in aqueous solution, and the quenching value of fluorescence intensity showed a good liner relationship with the FA concentration in the range from 0.01 to 0.80 mg/L, therefore, a fluorescent sensor was constructed for the quantitative detection of FA in aqueous solution and the limit of detection was 5.2 μg/L. Moreover, the FA sensing mechanism was explored, and the results showed that the o-PD-CDs possessed a lot of amino groups on the surface, a Schiff base reaction- 收稿日期:2024-08-10;修回日期:2024-09-30 基金项目:河北省自然科学基金资助项目(B2024201050);河北大学研究与创新团队项目(IT2023A03);河北大学实验室开放项目(sy202217) 第一作者:常志伟(1999-),男,河北大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事食品安全评估与检验.E-mail:18855216698@163.com 通信作者:董江雪(1987-),女,河北大学副教授,博士,主要从事纳米传感器研究.E-mail:dongjxue@163.com申世刚(1964-),男,河北大学教授,博士,主要从事食品与环境分析研究.E-mail:shensg@hbu.edu.cn 第1期常志伟等:席夫碱反应诱导的荧光碳点猝灭用于检测甲醛河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷would occur between the amino groups and FA, which led to the fluorescence quenching of o-PD-CDs. In addition, with the increase of FA concentration, the Schiff base precipitated obviously in the solution, and the visual semi-quantitative detection of FA in the range of 0.5—150 mg/mL could be realized. The established sensor has been successfully applied to the determination of FA in food samples with the recovery rate of 98.1%—107.86% and the relative standard deviations of 0.86%—2.71%.

Key words: carbon dots, fluorescence sensor, formaldehyde detection, Schiff base reaction