秋英属植物核型分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2019.04.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用常规压片法,以秋英属2种植物为研究材料进行核型分析,旨在为波斯菊和硫华菊种质资源的开发利用和良种培育提供细胞学依据.结果表明:波斯菊的染色体数目为2n=2x=24和2n=4x=48,染色体数目出现异常,首次发现48条染色体.硫华菊染色体数目是2n=24. 2种植物在染色体类型中均含有m、sm和st类型.核型类型有1A、2A、3A、2B和3B型.最长与最短染色体比值为1.27~2.37,臂比大于2∶1 的染色体占染色体总数的0~58.33%.核型不对称系数为58.12%~67.69%,核型不对称程度较高,说明秋英属2种植物的进化程度较为进化,其中CC(纯粹Sensation Purity)最原始,KL(凯莱Sensation Gloria)最进化.秋英属不同品种的核型特征均有差异,说明不同品种之间具有染色体遗传多样性.

关键词: 波斯菊, 硫华菊, 染色体, 核型分析

Abstract: The karyological analysis on two cultivars of Cosmos were studied by conventional pressed slice method. The purpose was to utilize and breed germplasm.The results showed that:the chromosome number of Cosmos bipinnata for the test are 2n=2x=24 and 2n=4x=48, the chromosomes was abnormal,and forty-eight chromosomes were identified for the first time.The chromosome number of Cosmos sulphureus are 2n=24.The chromosome types of Cosmos included m,sm and st.The karyotype types contained 1A,2A,3A,2B and 3B. The ratio of the longest chromosome / the shortest chromosome was from 1.27 to 2.37,the percentage of chromosomes of arm ratio >2 is 0—58.33%.The karyotype asymmetry index of nine cultivars were from 58.12% to 67.69%,which implied the karyotype of Cosmos was asymmetric and evolutive.Among the cultivars,the karyotype of CC(Sensation Purity)was the most primitive,and the karyotype of KL(Sensation Gloria)was the most evolutive.The karyotype characteristics of different cultivars were different,indicating that there are chromosomal genetic diversity among different cultivars.- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2019.04.013秋英属植物核型分析孙桂芳¹,赵艺璇¹,杨建伟^2,3,刘冬云¹(1.河北农业大学园林与旅游学院,河北保定 071000;2.兴隆县林业和草原局,河北兴隆 067300;3.兴隆县住房和城乡建设局,河北兴隆 067300)摘要:采用常规压片法,以秋英属2种植物为研究材料进行核型分析,旨在为波斯菊和硫华菊种质资源的开发利用和良种培育提供细胞学依据.结果表明:波斯菊的染色体数目为2n=2x=24和2n=4x=48,染色体数目出现异常,首次发现48条染色体.硫华菊染色体数目是2n=24. 2种植物在染色体类型中均含有m、sm和st类型.核型类型有1A、2A、3A、2B和3B型.最长与最短染色体比值为1.27~2.37,臂比大于2∶1 的染色体占染色体总数的0~58.33%.核型不对称系数为58.12%~67.69%,核型不对称程度较高,说明秋英属2种植物的进化程度较为进化,其中CC(纯粹Sensation Purity)最原始,KL(凯莱Sensation Gloria)最进化.秋英属不同品种的核型特征均有差异,说明不同品种之间具有染色体遗传多样性.关键词:波斯菊;硫华菊;染色体;核型分析中图分类号:TK513 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2019)04-0412-09Karyotype analysis of different varieties of CosmosSUN Guifang¹,ZHAO Yixuan¹,YANG Jianwei^2,3,LIU Dongyun¹(1.College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000,China;2. Forestry and Grassland Burcau of Xinglong County,Xinglong 067300,China;3. The County Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau of Xinglong,Xinglong 067300,China)Abstract:The karyological analysis on two cultivars of Cosmos were studied by conventional pressed slice method. The purpose was to utilize and breed germplasm.The results showed that:the chromosome number of Cosmos bipinnata for the test are 2n=2x=24 and 2n=4x=48, the chromosomes was abnormal,and forty-eight chromosomes were identified for the first time.The chromosome number of Cosmos sulphureus are 2n=24.The chromosome types of Cosmos included m,sm and st.The karyotype types contained 1A,2A,3A,2B and 3B. The ratio of the longest chromosome / the shortest chromosome was from 1.27 to 2.37,the percentage of chromosomes of arm ratio >2 is 0—58.33%.The karyotype asymmetry index of nine cultivars were from 58.12% to 67.69%,which implied the karyotype of Cosmos was asymmetric and evolutive.Among the cultivars,the karyotype of CC(Sensation Purity)was the most primitive,and the karyotype of KL(Sensation Gloria)was the most evolutive.The karyotype characteristics of different cultivars were different,indicating that there are chromosomal genetic diversity among different cultivars.- 收稿日期:2018-07-19 基金项目:河北省重点研发计划——农业关键共性技术攻关专项项目(17226320D) 第一作者:孙桂芳(1992—),女,河北张家口人,河北农业大学在读硕士研究生.E-mail:1140407285@qq.com 通信作者:刘冬云(1971—),女,河北赞皇人,河北农业大学副教授,博士,主要从事园林植物遗传育种研究.E-mail:dongyunliu@hebau.edu.cn第4期孙桂芳等:秋英属植物核型分析

Key words: Cosmos bipinnata, Cosmos sulphureus, chromosome, karyotype analysis

中图分类号:

TK513

孙桂芳,赵艺璇,杨建伟,刘冬云. 秋英属植物核型分析[J]. 河北大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 39(4): 412-420.

SUN Guifang,ZHAO Yixuan,YANG Jianwei,LIU Dongyun. Karyotype analysis of different varieties of Cosmos[J]. Journal of Hebei University (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 39(4): 412-420.

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