极旱荒漠灌丛AM真菌与土壤因子相关性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2020.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示极旱荒漠植被丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌群落组成及土壤因子的生态效应,2018年7月于甘肃安西极旱荒漠自然保护区采集合头草Sympegma regelii、红砂Reaumuria songarica、泡泡刺Nitraria sphaerocarpa、膜果麻黄Ephedra przewalskii和珍珠猪毛菜Salsola passerina灌丛根围土壤样品,研究不同荒漠植物AM真菌物种组成,分析根围0~10 cm和20~30 cm AM真菌群落差异性,探讨植物种类、土壤酶活和矿质营养对AM真菌群落组成的影响. 研究结果表明:不同植物AM真菌共分离鉴定10属45种,群落组成差异显著;根围0~10 cm和20~30 cm AM真菌群落组成无明显差异. 不同植物AM真菌Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数表现为根围0~10 cm高于20~30 cm,泡泡刺最低. 有机碳、铵态氮、有效磷、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、易提取球囊霉素和总提取球囊霉素在不同植物根围土壤显著不同,土壤因子根围0~10 cm高于20~30 cm. AM真菌与土壤因子相关性分析表明,AM真菌群落和孢子密度与有机碳、硝态氮、总提取球囊霉素和湿度显著正相关,Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数与硝态氮显著正相关. 变差分解表明,根围0~10 cm和20~30 cm植物种类、土壤因子共同解释AM真菌群落变化总变差的35.4%和60.7%. 极旱荒漠植物种类和土壤理化性质共同影响AM真菌群落组成.

关键词: AM真菌, 群落组成, 物种多样性, 土壤因子, 极旱荒漠灌丛

Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM)fungi have been known to establish mutually beneficial symbiosis with the host plants as a kind of obligate symbionts fungi and play an important role in enhancing soil structure stability, controlling soil erosion, inhibiting sand dust storms, and maintaining the healthy development of the plant in desert ecosystem. Sympegma regelii, Reaumuria songarica, Nitraria sphaerocarpa, Ephedra przewalskii and Salsola passerina are excellent solids plants that can not only well stand up to desert environment, but also maintain the balance and stability of desert ecosystem. In order to elucidate the ecological effect of AM fungal community composition and soil factors in the extremely dry desert vegetation. Soil samples were collected in the rhizosphere of 5 plants. The objective of this study was to assess the- DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2020.03.010极旱荒漠灌丛AM真菌与土壤因子相关性李烨东¹,左易灵¹,张开逊¹,赵丽莉¹,贺学礼¹,王亮² (1.河北大学生命科学学院, 河北保定 071002;2.甘肃安西极旱荒漠国家级自然保护区管理局,甘肃瓜州 736100)摘要:为揭示极旱荒漠植被丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌群落组成及土壤因子的生态效应,2018年7月于甘肃安西极旱荒漠自然保护区采集合头草Sympegma regelii、红砂Reaumuria songarica、泡泡刺Nitraria sphaerocarpa、膜果麻黄Ephedra przewalskii和珍珠猪毛菜Salsola passerina灌丛根围土壤样品,研究不同荒漠植物AM真菌物种组成,分析根围0~10 cm和20~30 cm AM真菌群落差异性,探讨植物种类、土壤酶活和矿质营养对AM真菌群落组成的影响. 研究结果表明:不同植物AM真菌共分离鉴定10属45种,群落组成差异显著;根围0~10 cm和20~30 cm AM真菌群落组成无明显差异. 不同植物AM真菌Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数表现为根围0~10 cm高于20~30 cm,泡泡刺最低. 有机碳、铵态氮、有效磷、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、易提取球囊霉素和总提取球囊霉素在不同植物根围土壤显著不同,土壤因子根围0~10 cm高于20~30 cm. AM真菌与土壤因子相关性分析表明,AM真菌群落和孢子密度与有机碳、硝态氮、总提取球囊霉素和湿度显著正相关,Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数与硝态氮显著正相关. 变差分解表明,根围0~10 cm和20~30 cm植物种类、土壤因子共同解释AM真菌群落变化总变差的35.4%和60.7%. 极旱荒漠植物种类和土壤理化性质共同影响AM真菌群落组成. 关键词:AM真菌; 群落组成; 物种多样性; 土壤因子; 极旱荒漠灌丛中图分类号:Q934 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2020)03-0291-10Correlation between AM fungi and soil factors in extremely dry desert shrubsLI Yedong¹, ZUO Yiling¹, ZHANG Kaixun¹, ZHAO Lili¹, HE Xueli¹, WANG Liang²(1. College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; 2. Administration of Gansu Anxi Extra-arid National Nature Reserve, Guazhou 736100, China)Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM)fungi have been known to establish mutually beneficial symbiosis with the host plants as a kind of obligate symbionts fungi and play an important role in enhancing soil structure stability, controlling soil erosion, inhibiting sand dust storms, and maintaining the healthy development of the plant in desert ecosystem. Sympegma regelii, Reaumuria songarica, Nitraria sphaerocarpa, Ephedra przewalskii and Salsola passerina are excellent solids plants that can not only well stand up to desert environment, but also maintain the balance and stability of desert ecosystem. In order to elucidate the ecological effect of AM fungal community composition and soil factors in the extremely dry desert vegetation. Soil samples were collected in the rhizosphere of 5 plants. The objective of this study was to assess the- 收稿日期:2019-09-12 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770561) 第一作者:李烨东(1995—),女,山西临汾人,河北大学在读硕士研究生.E-mail: 2644473931@qq.com 通信作者:贺学礼(1963—),男,陕西蒲城人,河北大学教授,博士生导师,主要从事植物生态学和土壤生态学研究. E-mail: xlh3615@126.com第3期李烨东等:极旱荒漠灌丛AM真菌与土壤因子相关性composition of AM fungal species in different desert plants, analyze the differences of AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere of 0—10 cm and 20—30 cm, and explore the relative effects of plant species, soil enzyme activity and mineral nutrients on the composition of AM fungal communities. There were 45 species of 10 genera of AM fungi isolated from 5 plants with significantly different AM community composition, and there was no difference in the composition of fungal communities between the rhizosphere of 0—10 cm and 20—30 cm in the same plant. AM fungal shannon-wiener and simpson index showed a higher value in the rhizosphere of 0—10 cm than that of 20—30 cm. Both the 0—10 cm and 20—30 cm plant rhizosphere shannon-wiener index and simpson index displayed a significant lowest value in N. sphaerocarpa. Organic carbon, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, easily extracted glomalin and total extracted glomalin were significantly different in different plants. The soil factors of 0—10 cm of plant rhizosphere were higher than that of 20—30 cm. AM fungal community composition and spore density were positively correlated with organic carbon, nitrate nitrogen, total extractable glomalin and humidity. Shannon-wiener and simpson index were significantly positively correlated with nitrate nitrogen. Variance partition indicated that plant species, soil enzyme activity and mineral nutrients explained 35.4% and 60.7% of the total variation of AM fungal community change in the rhizosphere of 0—10 cm and 20—30 cm, respectively. Plant species and soil factors jointly affect the composition of AM fungi community in the extremely dry desert.

Key words: AM fungi, community composition, species diversity, soil factors, extremely dry desert shrub

中图分类号:

Q934

李烨东,左易灵,张开逊,赵丽莉,贺学礼,王亮. 极旱荒漠灌丛AM真菌与土壤因子相关性[J]. 河北大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 40(3): 291-300.

LI Yedong, ZUO Yiling, ZHANG Kaixun, ZHAO Lili, HE Xueli, WANG Liang. Correlation between AM fungi and soil factors in extremely dry desert shrubs[J]. Journal of Hebei University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 40(3): 291-300.

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