Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis Z-14 in controlling cucumber Fusarium wilt and its impact on rhizosphere microecology

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.02.007

Abstract

Abstract: Cucumber Fusarium wilt was a soil-borne disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum(FOC)infecting the roots or stems of the plant and parasitizing the vascular bundles. This study investigated the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis Z-14, screened in previous research, in controlling cucumber Fusarium wilt and its impact on the substrate microecology. The results showed that Z-14 effectively colonized the cucumber rhizosphere, achieving a control efficacy of 56.7% against Fusarium- 引用格式:何梦腾,潘浩文,邓洪兴,等.基于点云多尺度方向一致性的羊只体尺测量方法［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(2):113-127.引用格式:安旭彤,魏梦瑶,岳昭汝,等.枯草芽孢杆菌Z-14防治黄瓜枯萎病的作用效果及对根际微生态的影响［J］.河北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(2):182-193.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.02.007枯草芽孢杆菌Z-14防治黄瓜枯萎病的作用效果及对根际微生态的影响安旭彤,魏梦瑶,岳昭汝,邢舒雨,张林姿,张倩,张冬冬(河北农业大学生命科学学院,农业废弃物资源化利用河北省工程研究中心,河北保定 071001)摘要:黄瓜枯萎病是由尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum,FOC)侵染植株根或茎并寄生于维管束导致的土传病害.本研究利用前期筛选的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Z-14进行盆栽实验,检测其对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果及对黄瓜根际理化性质、酶活性、微生物数量和真菌多样性的影响.结果表明,Z-14菌株能在黄瓜根部有效定殖,对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果达到56.7%.同时Z-14菌株显著缓解了FOC对黄瓜植株的生长抑制作用,使得株高、株质量、根长、根质量均显著增加.Z-14菌株促进了根际纤维素酶、过氧化氢酶活性,增加了基质中全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷含量,塑造了一个更有利于植物吸收利用的根际营养环境.施用Z-14菌剂后,芽孢杆菌、木霉等有益菌丰度显著增加,致病镰刀菌丰度降低.真菌群落多样性分析显示,共同施加Z-14菌株和FOC增加了真菌群落的Shannon指数;单独或者联合施加Z-14菌株和FOC对真菌群落Beta多样性都具有显著影响,Z-14菌株的加入可消除FOC对真菌群落的影响.综上所述,枯草芽孢杆菌Z-14通过影响根际酶活性、养分含量和微生物群落结构,不仅高效控制了黄瓜枯萎病,而且显著促进了植株生长,具有良好的防病促生应用前景.关键词:枯草芽孢杆菌;黄瓜枯萎病;根际微生态;生物防治中图分类号:S436.421 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-1565(2026)02-0182-12DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1565.2026.02.007Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis Z-14 in controlling cucumber Fusarium wilt and its impact on rhizosphere microecologyAN Xutong, WEI Mengyao, YUE Zhaoru, XING Shuyu, ZHANG Linzi, ZHANG Qian, ZHANG Dongdong(Hebei Province Agricultural Waste Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center,College of Life Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)Abstract: Cucumber Fusarium wilt was a soil-borne disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum(FOC)infecting the roots or stems of the plant and parasitizing the vascular bundles. This study investigated the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis Z-14, screened in previous research, in controlling cucumber Fusarium wilt and its impact on the substrate microecology. The results showed that Z-14 effectively colonized the cucumber rhizosphere, achieving a control efficacy of 56.7% against Fusarium- 收稿日期:2025-12-21;修回日期:2026-01-04 基金项目:河北省农业科技成果转化资金项目(202460103030017);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2023204044) 第一作者:安旭彤(2001—),女,河北农业大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事农业微生物资源利用方向研究. E-mail: 1376507479@qq.com 通信作者:张冬冬(1981—),男,河北农业大学副教授,博士,主要从事农业微生物资源开发及利用方向研究. E-mail: zhangdongcumt@163.com 第2期安旭彤等:枯草芽孢杆菌Z-14防治黄瓜枯萎病的作用效果及对根际微生态的影响河北大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷wilt, and significantly alleviated the growth inhibition caused by the pathogen. It increased the plant height, plant weight, root length, and root weight of cucumber, thereby restoring plant biomass. Simultaneously, Z-14 treatment significantly enhanced cellulase and catalase activities in the cucumber rhizosphere and increased the contents of total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and available phosphorus in the substrate, shaping a rhizosphere nutrient environment more conducive to plant uptake and utilization. Z-14 treatment significantly increased the abundance of beneficial genera such as Bacillus, and Trichoderma, while significantly reducing the abundance of the pathogenic Fusarium. Microbial community diversity analysis revealed that co-application of Z-14 and FOC significantly increased the Shannon index of the fungal community. Both separated and combined applications of Z-14 and FOC significantly affected the Beta diversity of the fungal community, and the addition of Z-14 eliminated the impact of FOC on the fungal community. In summary, B. subtilis Z-14 improved rhizosphere enzyme activities and nutrient content, influenced the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community, not only effectively controlled cucumber Fusarium wilt but also significantly promoted plant growth, demonstrating excellent application potential with dual functions of biocontrol and growth promotion.

Key words: Bacillus subtilis, cucumber Fusarium wilt, rhizosphere microecology, biological control

CLC Number:

S436.421

AN Xutong, WEI Mengyao, YUE Zhaoru, XING Shuyu, ZHANG Linzi, ZHANG Qian, ZHANG Dongdong. Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis Z-14 in controlling cucumber Fusarium wilt and its impact on rhizosphere microecology[J]. Journal of Hebei University(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 46(2): 182-193.

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